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BIS 2C > Plantae > Flashcards

Plantae Flashcards

Learn vocabulary and concepts associated with plants

1
Q

Accessory fruit

A

Fruit formed from part of the tissues outside the ovary

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2
Q

Aggregate fruit

A

One flower with several independent carpels
(blackberry, rasberry)

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3
Q

Alkaloid

A

Secondary Metabolite Caffeine, nicotine, quinine

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4
Q

Anther

A

Part of stamen that produces and contains pollen

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5
Q

Antheridia

A

Structures that produce sperm

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6
Q

Apical meristems

A

Region of cells capable to division and growth in the root/shoot tips in plants

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7
Q

Archegonia

A

Structured that produce eggs

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8
Q

Auxin

A

Hormones important in root intiation (root growth) and directional growth

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9
Q

Bifacial vascular cambium

A

Tissues that promote wider plant growth
Found in secondary growth organisms

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10
Q

Carpel

A

Female reproductive organ of a flowering plant

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11
Q

Central cell

A

The middle and largest cell in the multicellular haploid female ovule

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12
Q

Chlorophyll

A

Green pigment in chloroplast that participates in photosynthesis light retrieval

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13
Q

Collenchyma

A

Provide structure to plant
Primary cell wall but tougher (still flexible)

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14
Q

Companion cell

A

A living cell that is partnered with a sieve tube in assisting with function of plant in phloemw

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15
Q

Determinate growth

A

Growth in which the structure has a set growth and form (leaves of plant)

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16
Q

Diploid

A

Two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism

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17
Q

Diploid fertilization

A

Fusion of two gametes through fertilization creating a diploid zygote

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18
Q

Embryo

A

Early stage in the development of eukaryotes

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19
Q

Filament

A

A stalk that suports the pollen bearing anther

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20
Q

Flower

A

Combination of reproductive and nonreproductive whorls

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21
Q

Fruit

A

A fleshy or ripened ovary of a flowering plant enclosing the seed(s)

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22
Q

Gametangia

A

An organ or cell in which gametes are produced

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23
Q

Gametes

A

A reproductive cell of an animal/plant

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24
Q

Gametophyte

A

Gamete-producing and usually haploid phase producing the zygote

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25
Gibberellins
Hormones specifically for stem elongation and fruit growth
26
Haploid
A single set of unpaired chromosomes (n)
27
Heterospory
Modification where there are two sizes of spore Develop into diff gametophyte More specialization and greater dispersal
28
Homospory
Only one size of spore produced One gametophyte
29
Hydroids
Evolved tissues for conducting water in endohydric organisms
30
Leptoids
Evolved tissues for conducting sugars in endohydric organisms
31
Indeterminate growth
Growth that occurs all throughout the life of the organism (stem of plants)
32
Integuments
Envelope structure surrounding the nucleus within the ovule
33
Lateral meristems
Regions with cells found at the margins of stems and roots focusing on expanding width
34
Megagametophyte
Gametophyte that produces only female gametes (egg)
35
Megaphyll
Large vascularized leaves Primary organ photosynthesis
36
Megaspore
Larger spore in heterosporous plants that is female gametophyte
37
Meiosis
Always results in a reduction of ploidy (division)
38
Meristem cells
Undifferentiated cells that can develop into different plant tissures
39
Microgametophyte
Gametophyte that produces only male gametes (sperm)
40
Microphyll
Leaves that have a single bundle of vascular tissue Evolved from sporangia
41
Microspore
Smaller spore in heterosporous plants that is male gametophyte
42
Mitosis
Results in no change of ploidy (replication)
43
Multiple fruit
Fruits are the result of fusion of many flower with own carpel (pineapple)
44
Nodes
Collection of meristematic tissue Where leaves branch off Only on stems
45
Ovary
Part of the female reproductive organ of the flower (holds ovule)
46
Ovule
Organ that forms the seeds of the flowering plants
47
Parenchyma
Are bulk of metabolism Primary cell wall
48
Petal
Floral part that fuctions as a visual element to attract pollinators
49
Phloem
Vascular tissue that transports sugars
50
Plasmodesmata
Cell to cell junctions
51
Pollen
Deliver sperm to egg
52
Pome
Accessory fruit
53
Primary Growth
Adds length (apical meristem)
54
Rhizome
Underground stem (ferns)
55
Root
Part of plant that attaches it to the ground for support and nourishment
56
Root hairs
Extension of root cells that are important for acquiring nutriensts and plant anchorage
57
Sclerenchyma
Dead at maturity (lignin) Structure
58
Secondary growth
Adds width (lateral meristem)
59
Secondary metabolite
Compounds produced by plants that are not part of growth, development, or reproduction
60
Seed
Fertilized, mature ovule that has an embryo, nutritive tissue, and a seed coat
61
Sepal
Outer parts of the flower that enclose and protect flower bud
62
Sieve tube
Maintaining cells and transport in phloem LIVING CELLS
63
Sori
Clusters of sporangia
64
Sporangium
The cap of a stalked sporophyte in mosses
65
Spore
A unit of reproduction that is adapted for survival/dispersal
66
Sporophyte
Multicellular diploid stage found in plants and algae that undergo alternation of generations Produced haploid spores through meiosis
67
Stamen
Male fertilizing organ of flower with anther and filament
68
Stomata
Small pores in leaf of plant that facilitates exchange of gases
69
Stroma
Liquid inside chloroplast
70
Terpene
Aromatic compounds found in many plants
71
Thylakoid
Flattened sacs inside chloroplast which light reactions of photosynthesis take place
72
Tracheid
Tubular cell in xylem of plant (made of Lignin DEAD)
73
Trichome
Serve as extensions of plant which help with development (DERMAL tissues)
74
Vessel element
An elongated, water conducting cell present in the xylem (DEAD)
75
Waxy cuticle
Waxy covering on the surface of many plant organs Land plants
76
Xylem
Vascular tissue which transports water throughout the plant
77
Zygote
A diploid cell resulting from fertilization of two gametes

BIS 2C (6 decks)

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