Plant Transport (7)

Question 1

Requirements of plants

Answer 1

• CO2
• O2
• organic nutrients
• inorganic ions
• water

Question 2

When is CO2 needed in plants

Answer 2

During the day

Question 3

Why is O2 needed in plants

Answer 3

For respiration

Question 4

Why are organic nutrients required in plants

Answer 4

Some plants that don’t photosynthesise, need to receive their glucose from photosynthetic plants

Question 5

How are inorganic ions and water transported into the plant

Answer 5

• taken up form soil by the roots
• transported to all parts of plant

Question 6

Uses of magnesium

Answer 6

• chlorophyll synthesis
• ATP functioning
• enzyme functioning
• signalling ion/regulates carbon fixation
• DNA/RNA synthesis
• stabilises DNA/RNA structure; required in translation
• (matrix of) bone

Question 7

Uses of nitrate ions

Answer 7

• growth
• to make amine group in amino acids
• to make proteins
• to make DNA

Question 8

Why do plants need a slower transport system than the mammalian transport system

Answer 8

Energy requirements are much less - due to lower rate of respiration and reduced glucose requirements

Question 9

Description and function of plant leaves

Answer 9

• thin and flat with a large SA:v ratio

• easy for CO2 and O2 to diffuse into, reaching every plant cell and diffusing easily out of the leaves
(Not transport system for the gases)

Question 10

How many transport systems do plants have
What are the functions

Answer 10

• 2

• xylem - for carrying water and inorganic ions from roots to leaves
• phloem - for carrying glucose, sucrose, amino acids and other substances made from photosynthesis from leaves to other areas

Question 11

Functions of xylem tissue in a plant

Answer 11

• vascular tissue that carries dissolved minerals and water up the plant
• structural support
•food storage

Question 12

Xylem + phloem =

Answer 12

Vascular bundles

Question 13

Where are vascular bundles found

Answer 13

Dependent on which organ they are in as different organs are under different stresses

Question 14

Where is the vascular bundle and xylem tissue found in the roots

Answer 14

Centre
- centre core of this is xylem tissue
—> helps roots withstand the pulling strains they are subjected to as the plant transports water upwards and grows

Question 15

Where is the vascular bundle and xylem tissue found in the stems

Answer 15

Around the outside
- xylem tissue found on the inside
—> to support stem

Question 16

Where is the vascular bundle and xylem tissues in the leaves

Answer 16

VB forms the midrib and veins and therefore spread from the centre of the leaf in a parallel line
- xylem tissue found on upper side of bundles (closest to upper epidermis)

Question 17

Function of phloem tissue in plants

Answer 17

• to transport organic compounds, particularly sucrose, from the source
• transport of compounds occurs up and down the plant

Question 18

What is the bulk of phloem made up of

Answer 18

Sieve tube elements
- main conducting cells and the companion cells

Question 19

What other cell types if phloem made up of and what are the functions

Answer 19

Parenchyma - storage and strengthening fibres

Question 20

Location of vascular bundles and phloem tissue in roots

Answer 20

VB - Centre
PT - edges of the centre core

Question 21

Location of vascular bundle in the stems

Answer 21

VB - Around the outside
PT - outside (closest to epidermis)

Question 22

What does the vascular bundle form in the leaves

Answer 22

VB -the midrib and veins
- spreads from centre of leaf in a parallel line

Question 23

Location of phloem tissue in the leaves

Answer 23

Lower side of the bundles (closest to lower epidermis)