Mitosis (5)

Question 1

Structure of chromosome

Answer 1

• sister chromatids
• centromere
• 8 histone proteins
• telomere

Question 2

Importance of mitosis in the production of genetically identical daughter cells

Answer 2

• growth of multicellular organisms
• replacement of damaged or dead cells
• repair of tissues by cell replacement
• asexual reproduction

Question 3

Growth of multicellular organisms

Answer 3

• genetically identical —> 2 daughter cells have same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Question 4

Meristem

Answer 4

Region of cells capable of division and growth in plants

Question 5

Being genetically identical enables unicellular zygotes to…

Answer 5

Grow into multicellular organisms

Question 6

Replacement of damaged or dead cells
Give example

Answer 6

Cell need to be constantly replaced by genetically identical cells
- repaires by mitosis followed by cell division

Sunburn

Question 7

Repair of tissues by cell replacement

Answer 7

Humans: occurs particularly rapidly in the skin and lining of the gut

Animals: zebra fish and lizard can regenerate body parts like fins and tails

Question 8

Asexual reproduction

Answer 8

Production of new individuals of a species by a single parent organism - offspring are genetically identical to parent

Question 9

Asexual reproduction for unicellular organisms
Example

Answer 9

Cell division results in the reproduction of genetically identical offspring
Amoeba

Question 10

Asexual reproduction for multicellular organisms
Example

Answer 10

New individuals free from the parent organism (by cell division) and the detach from the parent in different ways
E.g. budding in hydra, runners from strawberries