Plant tissues Flashcards
Type of tissue and observable features
Parenchyma
- rounded sides
- thin walled cells
- loosely packed
Type of tissue and observable features
Sclerechyma
- cell walls evenly thickened with lignin
Type of tissue and observable features
Phloem
- elongated sieve tubes
- companion cells
- perforated sieve plates
Type of tissue and observable features
Meristematic tissue
- Tightly packed
- large nuclei
- small or no vacuole
Type of tissue and observable features
Collenchyma
- cells tightly packed (no aispaces)
- cell walls thickened in corners
Type of tissue and observable features
Xylem vessel
- Spiral secondary thickening (lignin)
- Tube shaped
Type of tissue and observable features
Leaf epidermis
- Tightly packed
- Single layer
- waxy cuticle
Type of tissue and observable features
Chlorenchyma (spongy mesophyll)
- large airspaces
- thin cell walls
- chloroplasts
Type of tissue and observable features
Epidemal
- tightly packed cells
- stoma (guard cells and pores)
- no chloroplasts
Type of tissue and observable features
Parenchyma
- many sided/rounded cells
- thin walled cells
- loosely packed, large airspaces
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Type of tissue and observable features
Xylem vessels
- wide tubes
- thickened cell walls (lignin)
Type of tissue and observable features
Xylem (tracheids)
- long tapered cells
- thickened lignin walls with pores
Type of tissue and observable features
Epidermis (root hairs)
- Long projections of cytoplasm
- thin cell walls
- tightly packed
Function of meristematic tissue
- For plant growth
- Initially undifferentiated
- Make new cells
Function of sclerenchyma
- lignin thickening strong
- Provides structure
- support of various regions of the plant
Function of parenchyma
- Store food and water
- Allow gas diffusion
- Allow water movement
- Packing tissue (some degree of support)
Function of Chlorenchyma
- makes up mesophyll in leaf
- photosynthesis (chloroplasts)
- Spongy mesophyll allows movement of gases
Function of collenchyma
- Flexible support
Function of epidermal guard cells
- Open or close pores (stoma)
- control entry and exit of gases
Function of epidermal root hairs
- Increased surface area of root
- Increased water and mineral uptake
Function of epidermal cells
- Protective skin
- Clear to let light through
- Prevents infection (cuticle)
- Prevents waterloss (cuticle)
Function of phloem sieve tubes
- Transport manafacture organic food
- From source to sink e.g. leaves to other tissues
Function of phloem companion cells
- Keep sieve tube cells alive
- Regulate sieve tube functioning
Functions of xylem tracheids
- Lateral water and mineral transport
- Strength and support
Functions of xylem vessels
- Transport water and disolved minerals
- ‘big pipes’
- Unidirectional movement from roots up stem to leaves
Type of tissue and observable features
Parenchyma
- large airspaces
- rounded cells
- loosely packed
Type of tissue and observable features
Sclerenchyma
- Cell walls evenly thickened by lignin
Type of tissue and observable features
Meristematic tissue
- Tightly packed
- large nuclei
- small or no vacuole
Type of tissue and observable features
Sclerenchyma
- long fibres
- Cells evenly thickened with lignin
Type of tissue and observable features
Collenchyma
- cells tightly packed (no aispaces)
- cell walls thickened in corners
Type of tissue and observable features
Different xylem vessels
- Spiral, pitted and annular secondary thickening (lignin)
- Tube shaped
Type of tissue and observable features
Phloem
- elongated sieve tubes
- companion cells
- perforated sieve plates
