Plant Structure and Function Flashcards
Tissues and Vascular Systems
What type of tissue is responsible for plant growth and repair?
Meristem
Tissues and Vascular Systems
The primary tissues responsible for transporting water and nutrients in vascular plants are:
a) Parenchyma
b) Xylem
c) Collenchyma
d) Meristem
b) Xylem
Tissues and Vascular Systems
Xylem and phloem together form the plant’s vascular tissue, also known as the _____.
complex tissue
Tissues and Vascular Systems
TF: Phloem transports water and dissolved minerals throughout the plant.
False
transports sugars and other organic materials
Tissues and Vascular Systems
How does the structure of xylem vessels differ from phloem sieve tubes, allowing for their distinct functions?
Xylem vessels have wider lumens (openings) for efficient water transport, while phloem sieve tubes have smaller openings and companion cells to facilitate controlled sugar movement.
Tissues and Vascular Systems
What tissue type provides structural support to plants?
Sclerenchyma
Tissues and Vascular Systems
The ground tissue responsible for photosynthesis is:
a) Sclerenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Chlorenchyma
d) Meristem
c) Chlorenchyma
Tissues and Vascular Systems
The three primary tissue systems in vascular plants are dermal, vascular, and _____.
ground tissue
Plant Organs
What is the main function of a plant’s root system?
Absorption of water and minerals, providing anchorage
Plant Organs
The three main parts of a root system are the root cap, the _____, and the root hairs.
zone of elongation
Plant Organs
The waxy outer layer of a plant stem is derived from the:
a) Xylem
b) Phloem
c) Epidermis
d) Parenchyma
c) Epidermis
Plant Organs
TF: Leaves are the primary organs for photosynthesis in most vascular plants.
True
Plant Organs
What is the midvein of a leaf composed of?
Vascular tissue
xylem and phloem
Plant Organs
Explain the difference between determinate and indeterminate growth in plant stems.
Determinate stems have a fixed bud at the tip that eventually becomes a flower, limiting further growth in length. Indeterminate stems have an apical bud that continues to grow, allowing for indefinite elongation.
Plant Organs
Flowers are the modified reproductive organs of plants. What part of the flower develops into a fruit?
a) Sepals
b) Petals
c) Ovary
d) Stamen
c) Ovary
Plant Organs
The stalk that connects a flower to the stem is called the _____.
pedicel
What type of meristem is responsible for increasing the plant’s length?
Apical Meristem
Auxin is a plant hormone that primarily influences:
a) Stomatal opening and closing
b) Stem elongation
c) Root development
d) Fruit ripening
b) Stem elongation
The process by which a seed dormancy period is broken is called _____.
germination
TF: Phototropism is a plant’s response to the direction of gravity.
False
response to light