Plant structure

Question 1

What is the function and structure of the nucleolus?

Answer 1

• A dense body within the nucleus

- Ribosomes are made

Question 2

What is the function and role of the nucleus?

Answer 2

• Enclosed by an envelope containing chromosomes and a nucleolus
• Chromosomes made of DNA contain genes that control the synthesis of proteins

Question 3

What is the function and role of the mitochondrion?

Answer 3

• The inner of its 2 membranes is folded to form finger like projections called cristae
• They are the site of aerobic respiration

Question 4

What is the function and role of centrioles?

Answer 4

• Every animal has one pair of centrioles, which are hollow cylinders made up a ring of protein microtubules
  They are involved in the formation of the spindle during nuclear division and its transport within the cell cytoplasm

Question 5

What is the function and role of lysosomes?

Answer 5

• Spherical sacs containing digestive enzymes

Involved in the breakdown of unwanted structures, the acrosome is a specialised lysosome

Question 6

What is the function and role of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 6

• Stacks of flattened membrane bound sacs formed by fusion by fusion of vesicles from the ER
• Modifies proteins and packages them in vesicles for transport

Question 7

What is the function and role of ribosomes?

Answer 7

• Made of RNA and protein

Site of protein synthesis

Question 8

What is the function and role of the smooth ER?

Answer 8

• A system of interconnected membrane-bound, flattened sacs

- Makes lipids and steroids

Question 9

What is the function and role of the rough ER?

Answer 9

• A system of interconnected membrane-bound, flattened sacs (ribosomes are attached)
• Proteins are made and are transported