Plant Signs

Question 1

Chewing

Answer 1

type of injury caused by chewing mouthparts which results in holes, skeletonizing, galleries and so on

Question 2

Crawler

Answer 2

juvenile arthropod in its mobile stage, often associated with particular groups such as scale insects and mites

Question 3

Conk

Answer 3

fruiting body of wood rotting fungus

Question 4

Frass

Answer 4

waste material excreted by insects or mites (poop)

Question 5

Galleries or tunneling

Answer 5

chewing damage caused by a larval insect beneath the bark or upper epidermis of stems and roots

Question 6

Honeydew

Answer 6

sticky/sugary substance secreted by many hemipteran/homopteran insects (aphids and scales) as they feed on plant sap. May collect on plant leaves and surfaces

Question 7

Larva

Answer 7

active/immature stage of insects that have complete metamorphasis
butterfly/moth called caterpillars
flies called maggots
beetles called grubs

Question 8

Leaf-rolling or Leaf-tying

Answer 8

manipulations performed by a larval insects, rolling creates a form of protection for the insect

Question 9

Mildew

Answer 9

greyish mycelium, fruiting bodies, and spores on the surface of stems and leaves produced by powdery or downy mildew fungi

Question 10

Mining

Answer 10

chewing damage btwn the upper and lower epidermis of a leaf caused by some larval insects that undergo complete metamorphosis

Question 11

Mushrooms

Answer 11

a fungal growth that typically takes the form of an umbrella chaped cap on a stalk, often with gills on the underside of the cap.

Question 12

Notching

Answer 12

characteristic leaf margin damage usually caused by leaf chewing insect (weevil)

Question 13

Nymph

Answer 13

active/immature stage of some arthropods which undergo gradual metamorphosis

Question 14

Pupa

Answer 14

non feeding resting stage btwn larva and adult in insects which undergo complete metamorphosis

Question 15

Rust

Answer 15

a collective term for the brownish/reddish/blackish spores or fruiting structures produced by basidiomycete fungi

Question 16

Scale

Answer 16

stationary insects covered by protective/waxy/resinous secretions in the order hemiptera/homoptera

Question 17

Skeletonization

Answer 17

results from chewing insects feeding on the leaf surface, reducing leaves to just the skeleton of veins

Question 18

Slime

Answer 18

mucous secretion left by slugs or snails

Question 19

stippling

Answer 19

type of injury from piercing/sucking mouthparts, looks like small light green/white/chlorotic specks

Question 20

Webbing

Answer 20

layers of silken threads extruded by a larval insect or mite that creates an effective barrier to predators, or obscures its presence allowing it to feed unmolested