Insects Flashcards
Insect Body Parts
head, thorax, scutellium, abdomen, cornicle, cauda, oviposter, spiracles
Insect Head Parts
antenna, ocellus, compound eye
Insect Mouth Parts
mandible, proboscis, labrum, labium, glossa
Insect Wing Parts
elytra, halter, fore wing, rear wing
Insect Leg Parts
fore leg, mid leg, hind leg, femur, tibia, tarsi
What classification do we sort insects into?
insect orders
Arthropod Characteristics
animals, exoskeletons, segmented body, and joint legs
Millepede
arthropod - diplopod
2 legs per segment
feeds on plant tissues
more rigid than centipedes
rolls into a ball
top of body is rounded
moves slowly
Centipede
arthropod - diplopod
1 leg per segment
predatory insect (eats other insects)
venomous
flat body/flexible
moves quickly
Class Arachnida
spiders and mites
eight legs (except some mites)
exoskeleton
chelicerae often present – appendages at mouths, pincer-like
Class Insecta
3 body segments (head, thorax, abdomen)
3 pairs of legs (6 total)
0, 1, or 2 wings
antenna
life cycles can be incomplete or complete
lays eggs or live birth
molt
Order Hemiptera
includes stink bugs, assasin bugs, aphids, scale, mealy bug, leaf hoppers, rue bugs
etymology: hemi=half + ptera=wing
mouthparts: piercing and sucking
lifecycle: incomplete
Order Coleoptera
includes beetles
etymology: kolean=sheath + pteron=wing
mouthparts: chewing (both larva and adult)
lifecycle: complete
Order Diptera
includes flies
etymology: di=two + ptera=wing
mouthparts: chewing (larva) and sponging (adult)
lifecycle: complete
Order Hymenoptera
includes bees, wasps, hornets, ants, and sawflies
etymology: hymen=membranous + ptera=wing
mouthparts: chewing (larva) and lapping (adult)
lifecycle: complete
Order Thysanoptera
includes thrips
etymology: thysanos=fringed + ptera=wing
mouthparts: rasping
lifecycle: incomplete
Order Lepidoptera
includes moths and butterflies
etymology: lepido=scaly + ptera=wing
mouthparts: larva chewing, adults siphoning proboscis
lifecycle: complete
Order Orthoptera
includes grasshoppers and crickets
etymology: otho=straight + ptera=wing
mouthparts: chewing
lifecycle: incomplete
Metamorphosis
stages of physical change in the process of becoming an adult form
adaptation to growing with an exoskeleton
molting: shedding of exoskeleton during growth
Complete Metamorphosis
juvenile stage: larva
resting stage (undergo dramatic change): pupa
adult stage: very different physically
Incomplete Metamorphosis
egg - nymph - adult
young insects molts several times (instars)
nymphs: juvenile, resemble adults, lacks wings
Insect Orders with Complete Metamorphosis
coleoptera
diptera
lepidoptera
hymenoptera
Insect Orders with Incomplete Metamorphosis
hemiptera
homoptera
thysanoptera
orthoptera
