PLANT ROOTS

Question 1

4 functions of roots

Answer 1

anchoring the plant
absorbing water and minerals
producing hormones
Fleshy taproots are the plant’s main site of carbohydrate storage during winter.

Question 2

2 hormones produced by roots

Answer 2

cytokinin and gibberellin

Question 3

monocot roots

Answer 3

fibrous root system

Question 4

eudicot roots

Answer 4

tap root system

Question 5

roots grow from

Answer 5

apical meristem

Question 6

apical meristem is protected by

Answer 6

root cap

Question 7

behind the root cap and apical meristem

where cells undergo division and expansion

Answer 7

zone of elongation

Question 8

region in which many of the epidermal cells extend out as narrow trichomes

Answer 8

root hair zone

Question 9

maturing cells detect gravity using

Answer 9

starch grains

Question 10

the cekks dictyosomes in the root caps secrete

Answer 10

mucigel

Question 11

a mitotically inactive central region which can replace the apical meristem if it becomes damaged

Answer 11

quiescent center

Question 12

here, cells are enlarging, nuclei become less distinct

protoderm, provasc. tissue, and ground tissue begin to differentiate, no cells are mature yet.

Answer 12

zone of elongation

Question 13

marked by the production of root hairs growing outward
increases absorption of water and minerals.
tissues are differentiated here.

Answer 13

zone of maturation / root hair zone

Question 14

these cells transfer minerals from the epidermis to the vascular tissue

Answer 14

cortex cells

Question 15

the innermost layer of cortical cells differentiates into a cylinder called the -

Answer 15

ENDODERMIS

Question 16

the radical walls of the endodermis are encrusted with

Answer 16

waterproof lignin and suberin (casparian strip)

Question 17

involved in controlling the minerals that enter the xylem and phloem

Answer 17

casparian strip

Question 18

Minerals can cross the endodermis only if?

Answer 18

endodermal protoplasts absorb them.

Question 19

A cylinder of tissue, interior to the cortex, forms the ____

it consists of both xylem and phloem in the center.

Answer 19

stele

Question 20

an irregular region of parenchyma cells between the vascular tissue and the endodermis
where lateral roots are produced

Answer 20

pericycle

Question 21

difference between monocot and dicot roots

Answer 21

pith is present in monocot

eudicot - star shaped VB

Question 22

Endodermal cells that are slow to mature and have only the Casparian strip are called

Answer 22

passage cells

Question 23

what happens when root hairs die

Answer 23

Shortly after the root hairs die, underlying cortex and epidermis often die. − They are shed from the root.