Plant Roots

Question 1

What are the functions of ROOTS?

Answer 1

(1) Anchorage, (2) Absorption, (3) Conduction, (4) Storage

Question 2

What are the two types of ROOT SYSTEM?

Answer 2

Taproot and Fibrous Root

Question 3

It is a type of ROOT SYSTEM that is consisting of one prominent main root with smaller lateral roots branching from it.

Answer 3

Taproot System

Question 4

It is a type of ROOT SYSTEM that is consisting of several adventitious roots of approximately equal size that arise from the base of the stem.

Answer 4

Fibrous Root System

Question 5

It is the covering of cells over the root tip that protects delicate meristematic tissue directly behind it.

Answer 5

Root Cap

Question 6

It is an extension of an epidermal cell of a root that increases absorptive capacity of the root.

Answer 6

Root Hair

Question 7

Each root tip has a ____ ___

Answer 7

Root Cap

Question 8

It is a protective thimble-like layer; many cells thick; covers delicate root apical meristem; may orient root so it grows downward.

Answer 8

Root Cap

Question 9

It is short-lived and unicellular extensions of epidermal cells near the growing root tip.

Answer 9

Root Hairs

Question 10

It increases the surface area of root in contact with moist soil, increasing root’s absorptive capacity.

Answer 10

Root Hairs

Question 11

It protects the root.

Answer 11

Epidermis

Question 12

It consists of parenchyma cells, and usually stores starch.

Answer 12

Cortex

Question 13

It is the innermost layer of the cortex of the root that prevents water and dissolved materials from entering the xylem by passing between cells.

Answer 13

Endodermis

Question 14

It is a band of waterproof material around the radial and transverse cells of the endodermis.

Answer 14

Casparian Strip

Question 15

It ensures that water and minerals enter the xylem only by passing through the endodermal cells.

Answer 15

Casparian Strip

Question 16

It is the layer of cells just inside the endodermis of the roots, and gives rise to lateral roots.

Answer 16

Pericycle

Question 17

It conducts water and dissolved minerals.

Answer 17

Xylem

Question 18

It conducts dissolved sugar.

Answer 18

Phloem

Question 19

What TYPE OF ROOT do often have pith in the center of the root?

Answer 19

Monocot roots

Question 20

What TYPE OF ROOT where xylem and phloem form a solid mass in center of root?

Answer 20

Eudicot roots

Question 21

What TYPE OF ROOT lacks a vascular cambium?

Answer 21

Monocot roots

Question 22

What TYPE OF ROOT does not have a secondary growth?

Answer 22

Monocot roots

Question 23

It is a continuum consisting of the cytoplasm of many plant cells, connected from one cell to the next by plasmodesmata.

Answer 23

Symplast

Question 24

It is a continuum consisting of the interconnected, porous plant cell walls, along which water moves freely.

Answer 24

Apoplast

Question 25

It is an adventitious root that arises from the stem and provides additional support for the plant.

Answer 25

Prop Root

Question 26

It is a specialized root, often found on bulbs or corms, that contracts and pulls the plant to a desirable depth in the soil.

Answer 26

Contractile Root

Question 27

It has a specialized aerial root produced by certain trees living in swampy habitat; may facilitate gas exchange between the atmosphere and submerged roots.

Answer 27

Pneumatophore

Question 28

It is a type of root that has swollen bases or braces that hold trees upright; aid in extensive distribution of shallow roots; found in some tropical rainforest trees.

Answer 28

Buttress roots

Question 29

It is a type of root that has aboveground stems that develop from adventitious buds on the roots, asexual reproduction method of some roots.

Answer 29

Suckers

Question 30

It is a type of root that are modified to photosynthesize.

Answer 30

Epiphytes

Question 31

Carrots, beets, sugar beets, parsnips , turnips, rutabagas, radishes.

Answer 31

Taproots

Question 32

Sweet potatoes, cassava

Answer 32

Fibrous roots

Question 33

A mutually beneficial association between a fungus and a root that helps the plant absorb essential minerals from the soil.

Answer 33

Mycorrhiza

Question 34

A small swelling on the root of a leguminous plant in which beneficial nitrogen-fixing bacteria live.

Answer 34

Nodule