Plant Roots Flashcards
What are the functions of ROOTS?
(1) Anchorage, (2) Absorption, (3) Conduction, (4) Storage
What are the two types of ROOT SYSTEM?
Taproot and Fibrous Root
It is a type of ROOT SYSTEM that is consisting of one prominent main root with smaller lateral roots branching from it.
Taproot System
It is a type of ROOT SYSTEM that is consisting of several adventitious roots of approximately equal size that arise from the base of the stem.
Fibrous Root System
It is the covering of cells over the root tip that protects delicate meristematic tissue directly behind it.
Root Cap
It is an extension of an epidermal cell of a root that increases absorptive capacity of the root.
Root Hair
Each root tip has a ____ ___
Root Cap
It is a protective thimble-like layer; many cells thick; covers delicate root apical meristem; may orient root so it grows downward.
Root Cap
It is short-lived and unicellular extensions of epidermal cells near the growing root tip.
Root Hairs
It increases the surface area of root in contact with moist soil, increasing root’s absorptive capacity.
Root Hairs
It protects the root.
Epidermis
It consists of parenchyma cells, and usually stores starch.
Cortex
It is the innermost layer of the cortex of the root that prevents water and dissolved materials from entering the xylem by passing between cells.
Endodermis
It is a band of waterproof material around the radial and transverse cells of the endodermis.
Casparian Strip
It ensures that water and minerals enter the xylem only by passing through the endodermal cells.
Casparian Strip
It is the layer of cells just inside the endodermis of the roots, and gives rise to lateral roots.
Pericycle
It conducts water and dissolved minerals.
Xylem
It conducts dissolved sugar.
Phloem
What TYPE OF ROOT do often have pith in the center of the root?
Monocot roots
What TYPE OF ROOT where xylem and phloem form a solid mass in center of root?
Eudicot roots
What TYPE OF ROOT lacks a vascular cambium?
Monocot roots
What TYPE OF ROOT does not have a secondary growth?
Monocot roots
It is a continuum consisting of the cytoplasm of many plant cells, connected from one cell to the next by plasmodesmata.
Symplast
It is a continuum consisting of the interconnected, porous plant cell walls, along which water moves freely.
Apoplast
It is an adventitious root that arises from the stem and provides additional support for the plant.
Prop Root
It is a specialized root, often found on bulbs or corms, that contracts and pulls the plant to a desirable depth in the soil.
Contractile Root
It has a specialized aerial root produced by certain trees living in swampy habitat; may facilitate gas exchange between the atmosphere and submerged roots.
Pneumatophore
It is a type of root that has swollen bases or braces that hold trees upright; aid in extensive distribution of shallow roots; found in some tropical rainforest trees.
Buttress roots
It is a type of root that has aboveground stems that develop from adventitious buds on the roots, asexual reproduction method of some roots.
Suckers
It is a type of root that are modified to photosynthesize.
Epiphytes
Carrots, beets, sugar beets, parsnips , turnips, rutabagas, radishes.
Taproots
Sweet potatoes, cassava
Fibrous roots
A mutually beneficial association between a fungus and a root that helps the plant absorb essential minerals from the soil.
Mycorrhiza
A small swelling on the root of a leguminous plant in which beneficial nitrogen-fixing bacteria live.
Nodule
