Plant Reproduction

Question 1

What is the stamen

Answer 1

The whole of the male part of flower, includes anther & filament

Question 2

What is the filament?

Answer 2

Holds anther in place- stalk of anther, part of male flower parts

For insect pollination becomes still and firm
For wind pollination becomes loose and long

Question 2

Anther?

Answer 2

Produces male sex cells– pollen
- contains pollen sacs that make & release pollen grains

For insect pollination- inside flower –firm to brush against
For wind pollination- outside flower –loose to release pollen easily

Question 3

Sexual reproduction?

Answer 3

Process involving fusion of nuclei of 2 gametes to form zygote & production of offspring that are genetically different

Question 4

Sexual reproduction advantages & disadvantages

Answer 4

Advantages–
>Variation so evolution can take place
>Stronger ones are more likely to reproduce making species stronger

Disadvantages–
>Mate may not be found
>Fertilisation may not be successful
>Some will inherit faulty genes

Question 5

Tubers? & examples

Answer 5

Examples-potato, sweet potato, yams

Has many branch stems that swell and become new plant

Have underground food storage
Stores food over winter
Provides new plant w. Food until can make own

Question 6

Vegetation Propagation

Answer 6

Plant asexual reproduction

> 3 types

• tubers
• runners
• bulbs

Question 7

Runners? * examples

Answer 7

Examples– spider plants, strawberry

Side shoots that grow out from parent plant
Buds form at points along runner & eventually these buds for roots & grow into new plants

Question 8

Bulbs? & examples

Answer 8

Examples– daffodils, lilies

Stem of plant is underground
Leaves swollen into food
New bulb will grow from side of bud

Question 9

Asexual reproduction

Answer 9

Process resulting in production of genetically identical offspring from 1 parent –> clones

Question 10

Carpel?

Answer 10

Female part of flower
Also known as pistil
Consists of an ovary, stigma & style
Some flowers have 1, some have many

Question 11

Petals

Answer 11

Can be large, colourful, scented with lines on them–> nectar guides
-to attract insects if plant pollinated
Absent on wind pollinated plants

Question 12

Sepals?

Answer 12

Usually green leaf-like things that protect flower when bud
Sometimes are colourful & act as petals to attract insects
Sometimes fall off

Question 13

Stigma?

Answer 13

For receiving pollen during pollination
Has sticky surface
-for pollen to attach to
Part of carpel

Question 14

Style

Answer 14

Joins stigma to ovary
-female version of filament
Some flowers it’s obvious, some nearly non-existent
Part of carpel

Question 15

Pollination?

Answer 15

Transfer of pollen grains from male part of plant to female part

Question 16

Describe what happens during pollination

Answer 16

Pollen grains from an anther are transferred to stigma so that male gametes can fertilise female gametes

Question 17

In a developing flower, where is pollen grain found?

Answer 17

Anther

Question 18

In developing flower, where is ovule found?

Answer 18

Ovary

Question 19

Cross pollination is term used to describe sexual reproduction involving two different plants. Suggest what is meant by term “self-pollination”

Answer 19

Sexual reproduction involving only one plant- transfer of polle from an anther to a stigma on the same plant