Plant Poisoning Flashcards
What is the botanical name and toxin of Aththna?
Botanical Name: Datura stramonium | Toxin: Belladonna alkaloids (atropine, hyoscine, hyoscyamine)
Which parts of Aththna are most poisonous, and what’s the fatal dose?
Most Poisonous: Flowers, stem, fruit, leaves, roots | Fatal Dose: 50-75 seeds
What are the common circumstances of Datura poisoning?
Stupefying (mixed with cigarettes/sweets for robbery/rape), accidental (children), suicidal, rarely homicidal
What is the botanical name and toxin of Divi Kaduru?
Botanical Name: Pagiyantha dicotoma (likely) | Toxin: Alkaloids, strychnine
Which parts of Divi Kaduru are most poisonous?
Most Poisonous: Latex, fruit, seeds
What are the signs and symptoms of Divi Kaduru poisoning?
Eye inflammation (latex), dryness of mucous membranes, thirst, dilated pupils, rapid pulse, psychomotor disturbances, hallucinations; accidental poisoning noted
What is the botanical name, toxin, and fatal dose of Goda Kaduru?
Botanical Name: Strychnos nux-vomica | Toxin: Alkaloids (strychnine, brucine) | Fatal Dose: 1-2 seeds
What are the circumstances of Goda Kaduru poisoning?
Strychnine injections (dogs), pesticides (rats), suicidal, accidental (traditional medicine), rarely homicidal (with alcohol)
What are the signs and symptoms of strychnine poisoning from Goda Kaduru?
Bitter taste, intermittent/tonic seizures, affects all muscles, risus sardonicus, trismus, opisthotonus, respiratory distress, agonizing death (conscious)
What is the common name for Diya Kaduru, Gon Kaduru, and Wel Kaduru?
Sea-Mango (Note: Limited data available)
What is the botanical name and fatal dose of Kaneru (Yellow Oleander)?
Botanical Name: Thevetia peruviana | Fatal Dose: 2 seeds (all parts poisonous)
What are the circumstances of Kaneru (Yellow Oleander) poisoning?
Folk medicine (abortifacient, leprosy, etc.), suicidal (common post-1983), accidental (children/adults), rarely homicidal
What are the signs and symptoms of Kaneru (Yellow Oleander) poisoning?
Nausea, vomiting (pre-treatment); 2h post: vomiting 6-12h (toxin absorption), bradycardia; 8h post: heart block
What is the botanical name and toxin of Kaneru (Nerium Oleander)?
Botanical Name: Nerium oleander | Toxin: Cardiac glycosides (oleandrin, nerin)
Which parts of Nerium Oleander are most poisonous?
Most Poisonous: Pod, seeds, all parts
What is a key symptom of Nerium Oleander poisoning?
Intermittent AV block (15h post-ingestion)
What is the botanical name and fatal dose of Niyangala?
Botanical Name: Gloriosa superba | Fatal Dose: 10g tubers (all parts poisonous)
What are the circumstances of Niyangala poisoning?
Herbal therapy (joint pains, abortion), accidental (mistaken for sweet potato), suicidal, rarely homicidal
What are the signs and symptoms of Niyangala poisoning?
Dehydration, shock, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, bloody diarrhea (6-12h); Autopsy: hemorrhages in organs
What is the botanical name, toxin, and effect of Weta Enderu?
Botanical Name: Jatropha curcas | Toxin: Toxalbumin curcin | 2 seeds cause purging
What are the circumstances and symptoms of Weta Enderu poisoning?
Biodiesel plant, used as abortifacient/purgative; accidental (children): nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, shock, hypoglycemia, organ damage
What is the botanical name, toxins, and fatal dose of Beheth Endaru?
Botanical Name: Ricinus communis | Toxins: Ricinin, ricin | Fatal Dose: 1 seed
What are the signs and symptoms of Beheth Endaru poisoning?
3-20h: abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, cramps, collapse, organ dysfunction; Autopsy: hemorrhagic necrosis
What is the botanical name and toxins of Hondala?
Botanical Name: Adenia palmata (likely) | Toxins: Cyanogenic glycosides, toxalbumin
What are the circumstances and symptoms of Hondala poisoning?
Mistaken for passion fruit (accidental, children): vomiting, fever, dizziness, bloody diarrhea, myocarditis, retinopathy (2-3 weeks)
What are the circumstances and symptoms of Olinda poisoning?
Native medicine/ornaments; accidental (children): nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hematemesis, hepatotoxicity, renal failure, convulsions
What is the botanical name, toxin, and fatal dose of Kapum Kiriya?
Botanical Name: Jatropha multifida | Toxin: Toxalbumin jatropin | Fatal Dose: 1 seed
What are the circumstances and symptoms of Kapum Kiriya poisoning?
Latex for wounds, juice for candidiasis; accidental (children): nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, shock, mimics organophosphate poisoning
What is the botanical name and toxins of Kepunkirya?
Botanical Name: Euphorbia hirta | Toxins: Xanthoramine, gallic acid, phenolic substances
What are the clinical effects of Kepunkirya poisoning?
Nausea, vomiting, drowsiness; monitor for cyanide poisoning
What is the botanical name and toxin of Manyorka?
Botanical Name: Manihot utilissima | Toxin: Cyanogenic glycosides
What are the symptoms of Manyorka poisoning?
Vomiting, abdominal pain, dehydration, loose stools, shock, drowsiness, convulsions
What are the botanical names and toxins of Habarala, Ketala, and Caladium?
Habarala: Alocasia macrorrhiza (sapotoxin, calcium oxalate) | Ketala: Dieffenbachia amoena (calcium oxalate) | Caladium: Caladium bicolor (calcium oxalate)
What are the circumstances and symptoms of Habarala, Ketala, and Caladium poisoning?
Accidental (children chewing stems); “dumbness,” salivation, oral burning, edema (dysphagia, aphonia), gastritis, laryngeal edema, bradycardia, convulsions, renal failure
What is the botanical name and toxin of Dumkolay?
Botanical Name: Nicotiana tabacum | Toxin: Nicotine
What are the circumstances and symptoms of tobacco poisoning?
Accidental (children/adults); Mild: nausea, dizziness, tremor | Serious: confusion, collapse, convulsions, respiratory paralysis
What is the botanical name, toxins, and fatal dose of Sadikka?
Botanical Name: Myristica fragrans | Toxins: Myristicin, elemicin | Fatal Dose: 3 seeds (adults), 2 (children)
What are the circumstances and symptoms of nutmeg poisoning?
Spice/medicinal use; accidental (children): 3-6h onset, sweating, flushed face, dry mouth, tachycardia, hallucinations
