plant physiology Flashcards
water is absorbed along with mineral solutes by the roots purely by
diffusion
mass flow of water occurs due to
adhesive or cohesive properties of water
the symplastic system is the system of
interconnected protoplast
the fungus provides water and minerals to the root i turn root provides
sugars and nitrogen containing compounds
———-% of water reaching the leaves is used in photosyenthesis and plant growth
less than 1 %
the upward flow of water through xylemin planrs can achieve fairly high rates up to ———
15m/hr
when will stoma close
when the guard cells become flaccid
————-are oriented radially than longitudinally making it ieasier for the stoma to open
cellulose microfibril
in ————-and ——— the lateral meristem vascular cambium coerk cambium appear later in the life
dicoteledonous plants and gymnosperms
single maize root apical meristem can give rise to more than ————new cells per hour
17500 cells per hour
cells in a watermelon may increase in size upto
3lakh 50 thousand times
meristamatic phase characteristics
rich in protoplasm
large conspicious nuclei
cells walls primary in nature
thin cellulosic abundant plasmodesmatal connections
elongation phase characteristics
increased vacuolation
cell enlargement
new cell wall deposition
maturation phase characteristics
attain max size (cell wall)
protoplasmic modification
—– is partly responsible for the water potentisl gradient in roots,and therefore for the uptake of water by osmosis
active uptale of ions
root endodermis because of the layer of —–has the ability to actively transport ions in one direction only
suberin
transport proteins of endodermal cells are —- where a plants adjust the quantity and types of solute that reach the xylem
control points
forces generated by transpiration can create pressure sufficient to lift a xylem sized coloum of water over —–m high
130 m
diffusion across small distamces ,substances move by —————and ————-supplimented by active transport
diffusion and by cystoplasmic streaming
azotobacter and beijerinchia are
free living nitrogen fixing aerobic microbes
rodospirillum is
anaerobic freeliving
cysnobacteria is
freeliving nitrogen fixers
frankia produce nitrogwn fixing nodules on the rooot of non leguminous plants eg
alnus
rod shaped rhizobium has such relationship with the roots of several legumes such as
alfafa sweet pea sweet clover lentils garden pea broad bean clover beans
—–and —–are freeliving in soil but as symboints cam fix atm nitrogen
rhizobium and frankia
a watermelon has over— % water
92%
most hebaceous plants have only about —-% fresh weight as dry matter
10-15%
a mature corn absorbs almost –of water in a day
3L
mustard plant absorbs water equal to its own weight in
5 hours
mass flow occurs as a result of
pressure diff bet two points
movement of a molecule across a typical plant cell (about 15 micrometer ) takes approximately
2.5 sec
deficiency of actively mobilising element appears first in
older tissues
chlorosis defieciency
n,k,mg,s,Mo,fe,zn,mn
necrosis due to def of
ca,mg,cu,k
inhibition of cell division
Mo,N,K,S
DELAY FLOWERING
Mo,N,S
weathering enrich the soil with
dissolved ions and inorganic salts
methods like hydroponics require
purified water and mineral nutrients
hydroponics success in commercial prod of vegetable such as
tomato
seedless cucumber
lettuce
in facr more than ———-elements of 105 discovered so far are found in different plants
60
there are technics that are able to detect the minerals even at a very low concentration of
10^-8g/ml
macronutrients are generally present in plant tissues in large amounts like
in excess of 10mmole kg^-1
