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Pharmaceutical Botany + Taxonomy > Plant Morphology > Flashcards

Plant Morphology Flashcards

1
Q

Vegetative organs

A

includes roots below ground and the shoots composed of leaves and stems above ground

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2
Q

Function of vegetative organs of plants

A

the growth and nutrition of plants

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3
Q

What is the shoot composed of

A

Leaves and Stem

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4
Q

Types of root systems

A

taproot, fibrous or diffuse, and the adventitious

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5
Q

What is the root system for

A

Anchoring the plant and absorption of water and minerals

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6
Q

Major functions of roots

A

Storage, Conducting water and solutes, absorption of water and minerals, and anchorage of plant in soil

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7
Q

The entire mass of underground roots produced by plants

A

Root system

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8
Q

Taproot system

A

Strongly developed main root which grows downwards bearing lateral roots much smaller than itself

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9
Q

Root system modified for reaching deep water in the ground

A

Taproot system

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10
Q

Fibrous (Diffuse) System

A

Has several to many roots of the same size that develop from the end of the stem, with smaller lateral roots branching off of them.

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11
Q

Plants that are excellent in preventing erosion

A

Fibrous (Diffuse) System

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12
Q

Roots that develop in unusual places

A

Adventitious roots

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13
Q

Root systems common along ribosomes of ferns, club mosses, and horsetail

A

Adventitious roots

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14
Q

Stem

A

Ascending axis of the plant body for support and conduction

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15
Q

where the leaves and branches arise

A

node

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16
Q

Functions of a stem

A

Support elevation, transport materials between roots and shoots, nutrient storage, annual, lateral, plant growth

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17
Q

Types of stem

A

Woody stem and Herbaceous stem

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18
Q

Woody stems

A

Contains thick tissues (wood)

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19
Q

Found in plants that live more than a year

A

Woody stem

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20
Q

Herbaceous stems

A

contains soft, green, juicy tissues

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21
Q

Found in plants that live for one year

A

Herbaceous stem

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22
Q

Leaf

A

usually expanded, flat and green, function for photosynthesis and transpiration.

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23
Q

modified shoot that bears the gametes for sexual reproduction

A

flower

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24
Q

ripened ovary

A

fruit

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25
Q

matured ovule

A

seed

26
Q

Composition of reproductive organs

A

embryo, endosperm, cotyledon, and seed coat

27
Q

Plant groups

A

Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperm, and Angiosperm

28
Q

Bryophytes

A

Origin of land plants from algae

29
Q

Pteridophytes

A

origin of vascular tissues

30
Q

Gymnosperm

A

Origin of the seeds

31
Q

Angiosperm

A

Origin of flowers and fruits

32
Q

Examples of Bryophytes

A

Includes liverworts, hornworts, and mosses.

33
Q

Plants that lack vascular tissues but some have conducting cells

A

Bryophytes

34
Q

Examples of Pteridophytes

A

Includes lycophytes, ferns, horsetail, and Whiskferns

35
Q

Vascular but seedless, and the multicellular embryo is also nourished by parent cells

A

Pteridophytes

36
Q

Examples of Gymnosperm

A

Ginkgoes, cycads, gneteas, and conifers

37
Q

Vascular but seeds are not enclosed inside ovary

A

Gymnosperm

38
Q

Examples of Angiosperms

A

Monocots and Eudicots

39
Q

Vascular and seeds are within ovaries

A

Angiosperm

40
Q

Artificial system of classification as habit or form

A

Tree, Shrub, Herb, and Vines

41
Q

Tree

A

a plant with more than a height of 5 meters, usually woody main trunk

42
Q

Shrub

A

A plant with a height of less than five meters, usually with a short main trunk or stem with numerous lateral branches

43
Q

Herb

A

A plant with little or no woody tissues

44
Q

Vines

A

A plant with climbing or trailing stem maybe a herbaceous or woody species

45
Q

Artificial system of classification as to lifespan

A

Annual, Binenial, and Perennial

46
Q

A plant that lives only for one year or completes the vegetative or reproductive cycles in one growing season

A

Annual

47
Q

A plant that lives for two years or two growing seasons

A

Binenial

48
Q

A plant that lives for several years

A

Perennial

49
Q

Artificial system of classification as to water requirement

A

Mesophyte, Hydrophyte, Halophyte, and Xerophyte

50
Q

A plant that requires moderate amount of water

A

Mesophyte

51
Q

A plant that needs big amount of water

A

Hydrophyte

52
Q

A plant that lives in watery but salty water

A

Halophyte

53
Q

A plant that requires small amount of water

A

Xerophytes

54
Q

Artificial system of classification as to habitat

A

Terrestrial, aquatic, and aerial or epiphyte

55
Q

A plant that is rooted in the ground or soil

A

Terrestrial

56
Q

A plant that lives in watery areas

A

Aquatic

57
Q

A plant that is attached on another plant as commensal or parasite

A

Aerial or epiphyte

58
Q

Artificial system of classification as mode of nutrition

A

Autotrophic (photosynthetic) and Heterotrophic (Non-Photosynthetic)

59
Q

A plant that is usually green due to the presence of chlorophyll

A

Autotrophic

60
Q

A plant that is non-chlorophyllous

A

Heterotrophic

61
Q

Plant that get nourishment from other plant by living as a parasite

A

Heterotrophic

Pharmaceutical Botany + Taxonomy (23 decks)

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