PLANT FORM AND FUNCTION PART 1 Flashcards
Covers and protects the plant body
Dermal tissue system
Makes up the bulk of the plant body; functions include photosynthesis and food storage
Ground tissue system
Distributes water and nutrients to a plant body
Vascular tissue system
- analogous to our skin
- protection
Dermal T.S.
- circulatory system
- conduct water, minerals and food
Vascular T.S.
- support tissue
Ground T.S.
Cells are pliable, thin walled, many sided
Cells remain alive at maturity
Parenchyma
Cells are elongated
walls (especially the corners) thickened with cellulose
make stems strong but pliable
cells are alive at maturity
Collenchyma
Cells have thick, lignified walls and are dead at maturity
Sclerenchyma
Two types of sclerenchyma
Two types:
Fibers: Long, tapered cells
Sclereids: Stubbier cell
Distributes water and dissolved mineral ions through tubes consisting of interconnected, perforated walls of tracheids and vessel members (cells that are dead at maturity)
xylem
Distributes sugars through a plant body; connect end-to-end at sieve plates, forming sieve tubes Parenchyma cells (companion cells) load sugars into sieve tubes
phloem
- water conducting cells
- long and tapering
- secondary walls contain pits
tracheids
- transport water and
minerals more rapidly
- wider, shorter and less
tapered
- carry much water and
minerals
- contain perforation plates
a. Allow water to flow
b. Support pits
– allow lateral flow of water from vessel to vesselvessel members
Outer tissue layer, usually a single layer of cells
Secretes a waxy cuticle that protects the plant and conserves water
Includes specialized cells, such as pairs on leaves that form stomata and trichomes
epidermis
