Lec 18 - Wood and Wood Products

Question 1

wood once used in

Answer 1

golf clubs and hockey sticks

Question 2

tree:

Answer 2

erect, single stemmed woody plant that can exceed 6m in height

Question 3

tallest tree + info:

Answer 3

Coast redwood in californa (115.7m)

Question 4

tree can stand due to

Answer 4

secondary trees

Question 5

for a tree to grow in girth, it must be capable of producing

Answer 5

“secondary growth”

Question 6

are bamboo and banana trees? why?

Answer 6

no. because no secondary growth occurs in monocotyledonous plants

Question 7

the ____________ is required for secondary growth

Answer 7

lateral meristem vascular

Question 8

vascular bundles present:

Answer 8

• fasicular cambium and interfasicular cambium fuses

- vascular cambium grow and form to inside and outside

Question 9

wood:

Answer 9

a combo of xylem vessels, tracheids,divers and parenchyma

Question 10

how do rings occur in wood

Answer 10

• since wood produced is older than spring wood vs summer wood
• due to less water, less cell growth, means smaller rings
• ## new cylinders of secondary zylem a year produced

Question 11

heartwood cant transfer water due to

Answer 11

resin which prevents decay

Question 12

dendrochronology

Answer 12

the study of tree rings

- rings with living trees are matched with fallen trees to produce a record

Question 13

who does dendrochronology work?

Answer 13

a tool is punched into the tree, a cork is retrieved so the rings can be counted

Question 14

dendroclimatology used to determine

Answer 14

• if droughts occurred in cyclic patterns

- indicates impact of pollution, pests, forest fires, volcanoes, and earthquakes

Question 15

wood hardness

Answer 15

relates to sturdiness of cell wall

Question 16

sturdiness of cell wall due to

Answer 16

cellulose and lignin content

Question 17

hardest wood

Answer 17

lignun vitae (density 1.37g/cm^3)

Question 18

what wood has the ability to float

Answer 18

balsa wood

Question 19

hardwood consists of

Answer 19

a combo of xylem vessels and tracheids

Question 20

hardwood is from what plants

Answer 20

angiosperm trees

Question 21

softwood is from what plants

Answer 21

gymnosperms

Question 22

softwood consists of

Answer 22

solely tracheids

Question 23

wood characteristics of appearance

Answer 23

• # of rays
• porosity (in hardwoods)
• arrangement of annual rings
• presence or absence of knots
• grain

Question 24

how can termites digest wood?

Answer 24

• protist symbiotic relationship between termite and protist bacteria break down wood in pieces
• enzymes break down proteins in wood

Question 25

what lead to the decline of white pine (timber tree) in North America

Answer 25

a fungul disease

Question 26

what wood does not warp

Answer 26

white pine

Question 27

what wood is used in plywood production

Answer 27

Douglas fir

Question 28

what woods are used for furniture

Answer 28

white oak and ideally black walnuts

Question 29

what wood is 1% (150,000 trees) of all wood utilized in ikea furniture

Answer 29

black walnut

Question 30

nearly 1/2 of wood produced in industrialized nations used for

Answer 30

pulp

Question 31

wood pulp

Answer 31

a watery suspension of pulverized wood

Question 32

____________________ of wood is critical for pulp production

Answer 32

de-lignification

Question 33

lignin can be turned into

Answer 33

vanilin (a vanilla substitute)

Question 34

what is environmentally costly in pulp production

Answer 34

lignin removal

Question 35

charcoal

Answer 35

pure carbon and can yield a flame at a high temp