Plant Form and Function 3 Flashcards
What is the shoot (stem and leaves) functions?
- Photosynthesis
- Transport
- Reproduction
_____ is a horizontal shoot that grows just below the surface
Rhizome
____ are horizontal shoots that grow along the surface. They allow a plant to reproduce asexually
Stolons
_____ are enlarged ends of rhizomes or stolons for storing food
Tubers
Are vascular bundles scattered or arranged in a ring for eudicots?
Arranged in a ring
Are vascular bundles scattered or arranged in a ring for monocots?
Scattered
What are the two types of water-conducting cells?
Which are found in the xylem of all vascular plants and which is common to angiosperms and a few gymnosperms?
Tracheids and vessel elements
Tracheids are found in vascular plants
Vessel elements are common to angiosperms and a few gymnosperms
What do sieve plates do?
Allow fluid to flow between phloem
____ are alive at maturity but lack organelles
Sieve-tube elements
Each sieve-tube element has a _____ whose nucleus and ribosomes serve both cells
Companion cell
What does the SAM initiate?
New stem tissue and new leaves
What is the main role of leaves?
Photosynthesis, gas exchange, defence
Leaf types
- Simple
-one big leaf - Compound
-divided into leaflets
-pinnate
attached along the petiole
-palmate
connect to one central location
Stomata
Allow for gas exchange
-also allows for evaporative water loss
Guard cells
Regulate opening and closing
What are the two layers of mesophyll for eudicots?
- Palisade
-upper part of the leaf - Spongy
-lower part of the leaf
Where does the majority of photosynthesis occur?
In the mesophyll
Each vein in a leaf is enclosed by?
A bundle sheath
What functions as the leaf’s skeleton?
Veins
How do monocots and dicots differ in arrangement of veins?
Monocots: Parallel veins
Dicots: Branching veins
