Fungi and Lichens Flashcards
Fungi are more related to animals than plants?
Yes
Fungi originated from?
An aquatic, single celled, flagellated protist
Fungi obtain nutrients through ______ and are excellent _______
Absorption
Decomposers
What are the common body structures of fungi?
Multicellular filaments and single cells (yeasts)
What are mycelia? What do they do?
Networks of branched hyphae
Maximize surface area
What facilitates cell movement of organelles in fungi?
Hyphae
Coenocytic fungi lack?
Septa (divisions of the cell)
What allows some fungi to penetrate tissues of their host?
Haustoria
Can fungi reproduce asexually?
Yes
Moulds produce ______ by mitosis
Haploid spores
______ and ______ have no known sexual stage
Moulds and Yeasts
How do yeasts reproduce asexually?
By simple cell division and pinching of bud cells from a parent cell
A diverse group of fungi called ascomycetes produce sexual spores in structures called _____ contained in fruiting bodies called _______
Asci
Ascocarps
Phyla Basidiomycetes
Common examples?
Puffballs, mushrooms, mycorrhizae
About ____% of known fungal species are parasites or pathogens
30
Every year, _____ to ___% of the world’s fruit harvest is lost to fungi
10-50
How do fungi play an important role in nutrient cycling, ecological interactions, and human welfare?
They decompose organic material and can recycle chemical elements
They interact with other organisms
Some are edible and have medicinal properties
-can be used to make cheeses, alcohol, and bread
-produce antibiotics for treatment of bacterial infections
What has one of the oldest symbiotic relationships in nature?
Lichens
_____ are important first inhabitants on new rock and soil
Lichens
Did lichens help the introduction of land by plants 550-600 million years ago?
Yes!
The photosynthetic components of hyphae are?
Green algae or cyanobacteria
The fungal component of hyphae are often?
An ascomycete
Where is algae or cyanobacteria found on a lichen?
The inner layer below the lichen surface
How do most lichens reproduce?
Asexually
