Plant Evolution Flashcards

1
Q

What are the ancestors of the Plantae?

A

Green algae (charophytes)

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2
Q

What are some examples of Bryophytes?

A

Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses

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3
Q

What were the first plants after green algae?

A

Bryophytes

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4
Q

What were the second plants after bryophytes?

A

Seedless Vascular Plants

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5
Q

What are the 2 newest types of plants?

A

Gymnosperms & Angiosperms

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6
Q

What is an example of Charophytes adaptations?

A

Waxy Cuticles, protecting embryos within tissues

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7
Q

What do spores need to reproduce?

A

Water (sperm needs to travel through water to the egg)

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8
Q

What do seeds provide the embryo with?

A

Food and protection needed for a dry environment

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9
Q

What is the cuticle?

A

A waxy covering that prevents water loss

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10
Q

Why were non vascular plants smaller?

A

They lacked vascular tissue

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11
Q

What is an example of seedless vascular plants?

A

Ferns

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12
Q

Out of cuticle, vascular tissue and seeds, how many of these do gymnosperms have?

A

All of them

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13
Q

What are the differences between seeds and spores?

A

Seeds are better as they have a longer lifespan, spores have thinner walls and are more vulnerable

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14
Q

What are the most successful evolution of plant

A

Angiosperms

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15
Q

What is the key to the success of angiosperms?

A

They evolved fruit and flowers and animals eat the fruit and spread the seeds.

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16
Q

What are some animals that help pollinate these angiosperms?

A

Bees, birds, bats, and more

17
Q

Name an example of a gymnosperm

A

Pine cones