Plant Cell Parts

Question 1

(starch storage organelle)- an organelle in some plant cells that stores starch. Amyloplasts
are found in starchy plants like tubers and fruits.

Answer 1

amyloplast

Question 1

most plant cells are squarish or rectangular in shape.

Answer 1

Shape

Question 2

the thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell, but is inside the cell wall.
The ——- is semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking
others.

Answer 2

cell membrane

Question 3

a thick, rigid membrane that surrounds a plant cell. This layer of cellulose fiber gives the cell most of its support and structure. The cell wall also bonds with other cell walls to form the structure of the plant.

Answer 3

cell wall

Question 4

an elongated or disc-shaped organelle containing chlorophyll. Photosynthesis (in which energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy - food) takes place in the ———-.

Answer 4

chloroplasts

Question 5

is a molecule that can use light energy from sunlight to turn water and
carbon dioxide gas into glucose and oxygen (i.e. photosynthesis). ——— is green.

Answer 5

Chlorophyll

Question 6

the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located.

Answer 6

cytoplasm

Question 7

a flattened, layered, sac-like organelle that
looks like a stack of pancakes and is located near the nucleus. The ——— modifies, processes and packages proteins, lipids and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for “export” from the cell.

Answer 7

Golgi body

Question 8

spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. The inner membrane is infolded many times, forming a series of projections (called cristae). The ———- converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate), a high energy molecule, for use by cell.

Answer 8

Mitochondrion

Question 9

the membrane that surrounds the nucleus.

Answer 9

Nuclear membrane

Question 10

an organelle within the nucleus. Ribosomal RNA is produced here, then exported into the cytoplasm where it forms the ribosomes.

Answer 10

Nucleolus

Question 11

The nucleus is a spherical body surrounded by the nuclear membrane. It contains mostly DNA in chromosomes. The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell (by controlling protein
synthesis). The nucleolus is found within the nucleus.

Answer 11

Nucleus

Question 12

small organelles composed of RNA. Are sites of protein synthesis.

Answer 12

Ribosomes

Question 13

a vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded
and convoluted sacks that are located in the cell’s cytoplasm (the ——- is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane). ——– is covered with ribosomes that give it a rough appearance. ——— transport materials and produces proteins (which are sent to the Golgi body, or inserted into the cell
membrane).

Answer 13

rough endoplasmic reticulum - (rough ER)

Question 14

a vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted tubes that are located in the cell’s cytoplasm (the —– is continuous with the
outer nuclear membrane). It produces lipids (fats) and membrane proteins; ——- buds off from rough ER, moving the newly-made proteins and lipids to the Golgi body for further processing and to
the membranes.

Answer 14

smooth endoplasmic reticulum - (smooth ER)

Question 15

• a large, membrane-bound space within a plant cell that is filled with fluid, mostly water. Most plant cells have a single vacuole that takes up much of the cell. It helps maintain water balance
  and the shape of the cell.

Answer 15

Vacuole

Question 16

a small, membrane-bound space that helps to transport material in/out or within the cell. Some are storage vessels. eg. proteins produced in the rough endoplasmic reticulum are transported
by —— produced at the tips of the rough ER, to the golgi body, for processing.

Answer 16

Vesicles