Plant and animal nutrition Flashcards
What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the chemical reaction that uses light energy.
Photo:
Light
Synthesis:
Putting together
Expand MRS C GREN
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Control
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrients
How do plants make their own food?
Glucose is made when CO2 and H20 react to make O2 and glucose in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight.
What does the spongy layer do in the leaf?
It has a lot of air spaces for gas exchange to happen.
What does the stoma do in the leaf?
It is a tiny hole that lets CO2 in.
What does the palisade layer do in the leaf?
Contains cells that do the most photosynthesis.
What does the vein do in the leaf?
Carries water into cells.
What does the waxy layer do in the leaf?
Stops the cells from drying out.
What does the upper and lower epidermas do in the leaf?
Protects the leaf
What is the function of the roots?
Roots take in water and minerals and transport it to all the other parts of the plant.
What does it mean when we say animals are hetrotrophs.
It means they depend on plants for their food.
What does it mean when we say plants are autotrophs?
It means they make their own food by using the process of photosynthesis.
What do cabohydrates do?
Produce energy
What do proteins do?
Growth and repair
What do vitamins do?
Helps with wound healing
What do minerals do?
Boosting energy levels
What do fibre do?
Prevents constipation
What do water do?
Hydrate the body
What is starch made up of?
Glucose molecules
What is a balanced diet?
A meal that contains each of the nutrients in its required amount.
Malnutrition :
Its when people suffer from not having a balanced diet.
Vitamin A
Deficiency disease - Loss of vision
Symptom - Poor vision
Vitamin B
Deficiency disease - Beriberi
Symptom - Weak muscles
Vitamin C
Deficiency disease - Scurvy
Symptom - Bleeding gums
Vitamin D
Deficiency disease - Rickets
Symptom - Bones are bent
Calcium
Deficiency disease - Tooth decay
Symptom - Tooth decay
Iodine
Deficiency disease - Thyroids
Symptom - Gland in neck
Iron
Deficiency disease - Anamia
Symptom - Weakness
What are the 2 types of roots
Dicots - Plants with tap roots
Monocots - Grasses with fibrous roots
What is the xylem vessel do?
It transports the water and minerals from the roots into the vessels.
What does digestion involve?
Breaking down food into smaller pieces
The mixing of food
Mechanical digestion :
Teeth chew food into a soft pulp.
Chemical digestion :
Contains saliva
What is the esophagus?
It is a tube that takes food from the throat into the stomach.
It moves food by waves of muscle contraction called Peristalsis.
What is the stomach?
The stomach is a J-shaped organ that digests food.
What is the small intestine?
After food is broken down into small molecules it is then absorbed through the walls of the small intestine.
What is the large intestine?
Food that can’t be digested goes through the large intestine.
What is the rectum?
Holds the area for the stool.
What is the anus?
Lets you know what contents are exiting out of the body.
What is the liver?
The liver makes bile that is then stored in the gall bladder and flows into the small intestine.
What is the pancreas?
The pancreas makes the pancreatic juice.
Incissors :
Bites of small pieces of food.
Canines :
Used for tearing food.
Pre - molars :
Used for crushing and grinding food.
Molars :
Used for crushing and grinding food.
What are enzymes?
They are biological catalysts and they speed up digestion.
