Plant Anatomy 1 | Lesson 4

Question 1

Plant cells and organelles

Answer 1

Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism

Question 2

Photosynthesis

Answer 2

Light dependent reaction in thylakoid	
-Requires water, releases CO2
-Light trapped in 2 forms
1. ATP
2. High energy electrons carried by the NADPH to stroma 
Sugar factory in stroma
-Light independent
-Requires CO2

Question 3

Ground tissues

Answer 3

Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma

Question 4

Parenchyma

Answer 4

undifferentiated cells, can become specialized. Contain chloroplasts, Often involved in food production and storage

Question 5

Collenchyma

Answer 5

support tissue. Living elongated cells with thickened cell walls. Cellulose is primary structural element.

Question 6

Sclerenchyma

Answer 6

support cells that are usually dead and strengthened with lignin. They are rigid and non-stretchable, unlike collenchyma.

Question 7

Complex tissues

Answer 7

Epidermis
Secretory Tissue 
Lactiferous tissues 
Glandular tissue
Conducting (Vascular) Tissue

Question 8

Epidermis

Answer 8

prevents water loss regulates gas exchange secretes metabolites absorbs nutrients and water
Epidermis can contain: Stomata, Trichomes (root hairs in roots), Gland cells, Often covered by a waxy cuticle

Question 9

Secretory Tissue

Answer 9

secretion of gums, resins, volatile oils, and latex

Question 10

Lactiferous tissues

Answer 10

production of Latex
Defense against insects
Wound Healing
Proteins, alkaloids, starches sugars, oils, tannins, resins, gums, Coagulates on exposure to air.

Question 11

Glandular tissue

Answer 11

Internal glands
-oil glands, resin glands, amber
External glands
-Trichomes

Question 12

Conducting (Vascular) Tissue

Answer 12

Xylem

Phloem

Question 13

Xylem

Answer 13

Conducts water and solutes upward by cohesion-tension as transpiration occurs.
Cells are not living.
All vascular plants have tracheids.
Angiosperms also have vessel elements.

Question 14

Phloem

Answer 14

A series of living cells.
Transports water, food and other solutes, up or down.
The phloem elements are supported by cells which help with life functions and uploading/offloading materials.

Question 15

Meristems

Answer 15

Undifferentiated cells responsible for growth. Meristematic cells also give rise to plant organs.

Question 16

Apical Meristems

Answer 16

produce primary growth considered primary meristems growth at shoot tips and root tips

Question 17

Lateral Meristems

Answer 17

Found in all woody and some herbaceous plants.
Responsible for secondary growth. Most monocots do not have secondary growth.
Lateral meristem is called the vascular cambium and cork cambium.

Question 18

Vascular and cork cambiums

Answer 18

Lateral meristems

Question 19

Vascular tissues

Answer 19

Grouped into Vascular Bundles in Stem and Root