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Systems Analysis & Design > Planning Phase > Flashcards

Planning Phase Flashcards

1
Q

What are primary sections in the planning phase?

A

Feasibility study (C-B analysis) and Requirements Determination.

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2
Q

What is the primary output of the planning phase?

A

Requirements specification.

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3
Q

In addition to using the feasibility study and c-b analysis as tools in the planning phase, which tool (or rather, technique(s)) is used to help determine requirements?

A

Fact-gathering techniques.

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4
Q

What personnel must be involved?

A

Users, mgt and analysts.

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5
Q

Criteria for feasibility include:

A 
M (management)
AT (appropriate timing)
O (organizational goals)
P (Practical)
W (worthwhile with respect to other projects)
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6
Q

What must an analyst identify about the current and future system in the feasibility study?

A

What’s wrong with old.

Is new sys. viable &

Should new be made

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7
Q

Outcomes of the feasibility study are:

A 
Estimate of potential benefits of proposed sys. 
Cost and time estimate. 
Description of the systems: 
a.) objectives
b.) functions
c.) estimated cost
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8
Q

Feasibility Study process is…

A
  1. analyze current
  2. interview
  3. Fn. Reqmts.
  4. C-B analysis
  5. Organizational impact.
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9
Q

What are six important domains of feasibility?

A 
Economic
Technical
Operational
Scheduling
Legal/Contractual
Political
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10
Q

Operational feasibility refers to what?

A

If the system is capable of fitting into the business environment.. Esp. in the context of the users interaction with the system.

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11
Q

Technical feasibility refers to what?

A

Can current technical resources be upgraded or augmented to provide the level of technology necessary for the new system. I.e. the ability to construct a proposed system

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12
Q

Info sys. costs could be broadly categorized into these 4 categories:

A

Procurement-consulting equipm. mgt time.
Start-up-OSs, personnel hiring, org. disruption.

Project related-Application software, personnel overhead, training, documentation.
Operating-maintenance rental.

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13
Q

Risk Assessment Factors are what?

A

Size/scope
Structure

Developer’s experience
User’s experience

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14
Q

What are the four general rules as technical risk assessments?

A

Larger
Less structured
Non-standard tech
User familiarity with SD process.

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15
Q

Requirements determination is seen as the ____step in the _____ phase or the _______ step in the _________ phase.

A

last , planning

first, analysis

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16
Q

The requirements determination sub-phase requires what to be communicated regarding a system

A

Actions, facts, feelings, interpretations, and plans.

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17
Q

Through the collection of information done previously, the development team–now at the requirements determination phase–must understand and model what?

A

The current sys. and the future system.

18
Q

The reqmts determination phase usually requires this percentage of time?

A

30%

19
Q

These are essential sys. analyst characteristics:

A

Inquisitive
impartial

flexibility/assume anything is possible
Attention to deets
Creative

20
Q

Observation, as a reqmts determination technique, is best suited for understanding what? And a.k.a.

A

human or machine processes that exist. Passive participation.

21
Q

What is the reqmts determination technique where one performs the activity?

A

Active participation.

22
Q

When a small amount of data is needed from a lg. amount of people is required, this reqmt. determination technique is best.

A

Surveying and questionnaires.

23
Q

If I want to gather feelings and interpretation I would use this reqmt. determination technique.

A

Interviewing

24
Q

Internal and external resources for reqmt. determination are…

A 
Internal 
-Written docs
-People
External
-txt books
-journals
-extern. docs
25
Q

What are prereq.s for reqmt. determination?

A

Sanctioned by mgt or equivilant.
Participants are aware of intentions.
Interviewer is familiar with subject.
Having selected the best gathering techniques.

26
Q

The major deliverable for reqmts. determination is?

A

Requirements specification derived from all of your sources.

27
Q

Pros and cons of open-ended questions:

A

PROS:
Richness of detail, further questioning and conversation may occur–revealing more.

CONS:
Irrelevant details and wandering off. Takes a lot of time. Could seem like you’re fishing or unprepared.

28
Q

Pros and cons of closed-ended questions:

A

PROS:
Comparable to other interviews and time saving. More direct relevance.
CONS:
Boring, not as rich in detail and no rapport.

29
Q

Probes, or follow-up questions are important because:

A

You can elicit more detail and clarity.

30
Q

A bipolar question is another way of saying?

A

Yes/no, agree/disagree, true/false.

31
Q

A pyramid scheme is helpful when…

A

user needs to be warmed up.

32
Q

A funnel scheme is helpful when…

A

Interviewee is emotional about the topic and/or being non-threatening is required.

33
Q

What is Joint App Design? (JAD)

A

Is a pow-wow to discuss requirements and user interface in a group setting.

34
Q

What are conditions that support JAD?

A

Users restlessly want something new and the have the time and capability.

35
Q

Other than a session leader, sys. analysts, scribes, IS staff, and sys users, who should participate in JAD?

A

Managers and sponsors.

36
Q

What are key benefits of JAD?

A

Time-saving, improved ownership and creativity boost.

37
Q

What are key drawbacks of JAD?

A

Getting everyone there, necessity of preparation and post-mortem.

38
Q

What comes out of JAD?

A

Same as reqmt. determination–doc of current sys and features for the new.

39
Q

Within the observation technique, what are the two different sampling techniques?

A

Time Sampling

Event sampling

40
Q

List 4 important documents that should be read:

A

Work procedures.
Business Forms
Reports
Descriptions

41
Q

Is there a distinction between formal and informal systems?

A

Yes.

Systems Analysis & Design (7 decks)

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