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Systems Analysis & Design > Analysis Phase > Flashcards

Analysis Phase Flashcards

1
Q

The analysis phase involves converting the ____________specification into a __________ specification.

A

requirements, problem

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2
Q

What are the three modeling techniques?

A

data modeling, process modeling, or object-oriented modeling

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3
Q

What are the major inputs and outputs of the analysis phase?

A

Input: Reqmts. specification
Output: Problem specification and System proposal

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4
Q

Along with system models and flowcharts what are 4 more of the principal tools in the Analysis phase?

A

Data dictionary
data flow diagrams
data models
prototyping

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5
Q

The components of a structured analysis include no only the context and dfd diagrams, but also what?

A

state diagrams, process specifications and data dictionary.

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6
Q

The data flows in dfds are physical and logical. T or F

A

F. Only logical.

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7
Q

External entities can represent what?

A

Human, subsystem or system.

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8
Q

In a dfd, what is a process?

A

Business activity/function where the manipulation and transformation of data takes place.

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9
Q

In a dfd, what is a data store?

A

storage of persistent data that is required for or produced by a process.

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10
Q

Rule1- Data stores must have what at least?

A

1 incoming data flow and 1 outgoing.

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11
Q

Rule2-how many incoming and outgoing data flows can one have ?

A

Many.

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12
Q

Rule3-A process can connect to which symbols?

A

Any, including another process.

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13
Q

Rule4-A data flow leaving a process is always named what?

A

Something different then when it came in.

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14
Q

Naming conventions for:

a. ) Process
b. ) Data Store
c. ) Source/Sink External entity

A

a. ) Verb-Adj-Verb
b. ) Noun, describing data
c. ) Noun
d. ) Descriptive noun

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15
Q

Rule5-When is a data store required?

A

When processes share data.

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16
Q

If output is not immediately needed by the next process, what is used and why?

A

A data store so that it can synchronize the process.

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17
Q

How does an external entity interact with the system?

A

By either sending the system data or receiving it.

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18
Q

Rule6-When is a double arrow used?

A

When a process is reading data and updating the data on the same table or file (i.e. data store.). A read before an update.

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19
Q

A context diagram contains all the external entities and what else?

A

The major data flows to and from them.

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20
Q

Diagram 0 dives into the context process (or the system itself) and should always include what?

A

External entities, the major processes w/in the system and major data stores.

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21
Q

What is a primitive process?

A

One without a child diagram.

22
Q

A top-down approach to a dfd first includes what, then ends with what?

A

Listing business activities to elaborate on dfd factors (ext. entities, data flows, etc…)
Partition physical dfd to facilitate implementation.

23
Q

when making a physical dfd out of the logical dfd, one must distinguish between what type of processes?

A

Manual and automated.

24
Q

Throughout each level of the dfd, this must remain constant?

A

Inputs and outputs.

25
Q

Rule7-If a parent diagram has a data store, can the child diagram have it too?

A

Yes.

26
Q

Rule8-What is vertical balancing? child diagram cannot produce output or what,

A

A child diagram cannot produce output or receive input that the parent process does not also produce or receive. Names must also be identical.

27
Q

What is an interface data flow?

A

Child data flows that matches parent data flows.

28
Q

How is interface data flow depicted in a dfd?

A

With the source or destination clearly present and labeled the data flow emits from or goes to a bland area of the child diagram.

29
Q

Process 5 = Diagram ___?

A

5

30
Q

What is the rule of thumb for stopping a decomposition?

A

When you can explain the process in one (maybe two) sentences.

31
Q

Rule9-Describe the

Unique Names” rule.

A

Each object on the dfd needs a unique name.

32
Q

Rule10-Freestanders

A

Not up in here!

33
Q

Rule11-2 is the loneliest number

A

A process must have an input and output data flow.

34
Q

Rule12-Data Store Dating

A

Data stores must be connected to at least one process.

35
Q

Rule13-External entities are assholes.

A

They don’t have any friends i.e. they shouldn’t be connected to one another.

36
Q

Which object can only have outputs?

A

Source/external entity

37
Q

Which object can only have inputs?

A

Sink/data store.

38
Q

Can data move from one store to another on its own?

A

No! must have a process.

39
Q

True or False. Data can move directly from a source to a sink.

A

False, data must be placed into a sink by a process.

40
Q

Rule14-No playing with yourself

A

Data flow can’t come out of a process and immediately back in. There must be a process in between that has processed some other data flow before returning the original.

41
Q

What is the operation performed by a data flow to a data store?

A

Update: delete, change, add

42
Q

Data flow coming from a data store is what?

A

retrieval/use

43
Q

This type of dfd includes the hardware, software, files and people involved in the system

A

Physical dfd

44
Q

Physical dfd’s unlike logical dfds include what two things (hint: one is a dimension?

A

time/sequence.

Error controls.

45
Q

What is a CRUD diagram/matrix?

A

Create, read, update, delete: shows what “processes” can CRUD to different “master file records”

46
Q

What are the primary reasons for DFD partitions (i.e. areas to be included in a single program)?

A 
User groups
Execution at different times
Security
Redundancy
Efficiency
Consistency
47
Q

Ex. of a data element?

A

Date, phone number, ssn

48
Q

What is a data structure?

A

group of one or more related data elements and/or data structures
examples: customer_address

49
Q

What is an internal data flow?

A

Data flow between processes.

50
Q

What should be defined for a data flow?

A

ID, Name(descriptive), gen description, source, destination, composed of which data elements or part of which data structure.

51
Q

The problem specification document will serve as the basis of the design phase, what are the components that make up this?

A 
Current sys. deficiencies
New sys deficiencies
New sys restrictions
Acceptance criteria
System models: DFD, data, C-B
Data dictionary

Systems Analysis & Design (7 decks)

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