Placenta

Question 1

The foetal and maternal circulations do not ,ix. T/F?

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is the name of the series of lobes into which the basal plate of the placenta is divided?

Answer 2

Cotyledons

Question 3

What is the name of the maternal part of the placenta?

Answer 3

Basal plate

Question 4

Dichorionic diamniotic twinning results from twinning which occurs between….?

Answer 4

Days 1-3

Question 5

Monochorionic diamniotic twinning results from twinning which occurs between….?

Answer 5

Fays 4-8

Question 6

Monochorionic monoamniotic twinning results from twinning which occurs between….?

Answer 6

Days 8-13

Question 7

Conjoined twins results from twinning which occurred between days…?

Answer 7

13 and 15

Question 8

Which layer of the embryonic part of the placenta proliferates and which layer is non-dividing?

Answer 8

Cytotrophpblast layer proliferates

Syncitiotrophoblast layer is non Dividing

Question 9

Within which trophoblast layer do lacunae begin to form after day 8 of conception?

Answer 9

Syncitiotrophoblast

Question 10

The lacunae of the syncitiotrophoblasts are the precursors of…?

Answer 10

Intervillous space

Question 11

Towards the end if the second week small projections of the cytotrophoblast layer begin to expand into the syncitiotrophoblast. What do these form?

Answer 11

Primary chorionic villi

Question 12

Extraembryonic mesoderm grows into the primary chorionic villi to form…?

Answer 12

Secondary chorionic villi

Question 13

What happens to secondary chorionic villi to convert them to tertiary chorionic villi?

Answer 13

Small embryonic blood vessels start to grow into the villi

Question 14

What is the function of the intervillous space of the placenta?

Answer 14

It is the site if exchange between foetal and maternal blood

Question 15

The stroma is the villous core. What cells is it mainly composed of?

Answer 15

Fibroblast cells

Question 16

The villous cytotrophoblast layer is only present in early pregnancy. T/F?

Answer 16

True

Question 17

How many main stem villi are contained within the placenta?

Answer 17

60-70

Question 18

At term, what is the only layer of the placenta which separates the endothelium of the villous capillaries from the maternal circulation?

Answer 18

Syncitiotrophoblasy

Question 19

The spiral arteries are remodelled from low flow high resistance to high flow low resistance during development of the placenta. T/F?

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Which vessel(s) carries deoxygeneated blood from the foetus?

Answer 20

Umbilical arteries

Question 21

Which vessel(s) carries oxygenated blood to the foetus fo the placenta?

Answer 21

Umbilical vein

Question 22

What vessels transport maternal blood to and from the placenta?

Answer 22

Uterine arteries supply placenta with oxygenated blood

Uterine veins drain deoxygenated blood from the placenta

Question 23

What substances diffuse or are transported from maternal to foetal blood?

Answer 23

Oxygen
Glucose
Fatty acids
Ionic substances
Antibodies

Question 24

In the placenta, glucose undergoes facilitated diffusion via which transporter to reaCh the foetal blood?

Answer 24

Hexose transporter

Question 25

What is the barker hypothesis?

Answer 25

The hypothesis which states that babies which are too small at borth are predisposed to adult diseases

Question 26

Preecmapsia is a disorder of late pregnancy. What blood pressure and level of proteinuria are diagnostic of preeeclampsia?

Answer 26

Bp over 140/90 mmHg

Proteinuria over 300mg in 24hours

Question 27

What happens to cause preeclampsia?

Answer 27

There is invasion of trophoblasts into the maternal tissue and the spinal arteries do not undergo physiological change and blood flow to the placenta is reduced

Question 28

What adult conditions are linked to low birth weight?

Answer 28

Obesity

Cardiovascular disease