Placement Flashcards
What are complications of gestational diabetes?
Macrosomia, neonatal death, birth injury, still birth
What does the T sign on USS indicate?
Monochorionic twins
What does the lambda sign on USS indicate?
Dichorionic twins
What are TOPS and TAPS?
TOPS - unequal fluid between twins
TAPS - unequal blood flow between twins
If sertraline is taken in pregnancy, how long should baby be monitored after birth?
6-12hrs
What is the guidance for rhesus factor in pregnancy?
If a Rh -ve mother delivers a Rh +ve child a leak of fetal red blood cells may occur
Give anti-D if next baby +ve but mother -ve as anti-D IgG antibodies may have formed in mother
What are risks in obese pregnancy?
Pre-eclampsia
Diabetes
Macrosomia
VTE
PPH
What investigations are done for immediately for suspected miscarriage?
FBC
Speculum
Group and Save
USS
Beta HCG
What are the different management options for incomplete miscarriage?
Conservative
Medical - misoprostol (opens cervix and induces contractions)
Surgical extraction (suction)
What are management options for ectopic pregnancy?
IM methotrexate
Salpingectomy (tubal removal)
Salpingostomy (preserve tube)
What is treatment for PID?
IV ceftriaxone/ doxycyline/ metronidazole
What is a complete molar pregnancy?
Egg has no genetic material
Sperm’s chromosomes double (like a mirror image)
What is partial molar pregnancy?
Sperm’s chromosomes double (like a mirror image) and fertilise normal egg = 3 sets of chromosome
What is presentation of molar pregnancy?
Vaginal bleeding
Large uterus
Pelvic pain
Grape-like cysts
High HCG levels
Morning sickness
What is treatment of molar pregnancy?
Termination
What is asymmetrical FGR?
Diverted blood flow to preserve vital organs e.g. heart, brain
What is symmetrical FGR?
Whole body small
How is FGR monitored?
Doppler USS of umbilical artery - monitor blood flow
Growth restriction biometry
Amniotic fluid index
What is haematocrit?
Proportion of RBC - finger prick test (estimates Hb in 30secs)
What are maternal factors for FGR?
Smoking
Pre-eclampsia
Diabetes
Asthma
Auto-immune e.g. SLE
What are fetal factors for FGR?
Congenital infection
Chromosomal abnormalities