PjM Mix Flashcards
Contractors Construction and Submittal Schedules (AIA A201)
- the date of commencement of work, interim schedule milestone dates, and the date of Substantial completion.
- an apportionment of the work by construction activity.
- the time required for completion of each portion of the work
What should the architect do if there is a code conflict?
follow the most stringent or restrictive code requirement
equation for net service revenue
gross fee - consultant fee = net service revenue
contingency is included
typical schematic design deliverables
structural grid locations
structural systems defined
building areas demarcated
project images and renderings
critical path method (CPM)
a scheduling method in which all events expected to occur and operations performed in completing a given process are rendered in a form permitting determination of the optimum sequence and duration of each operation ((longest path to completion)
the three stages of design build framework
proposal - qualification list
post-award- budget and schedule, discussed , reviewed and agreed to.
design phase-
the complete package of codes published by the International Code Council (ICC)
International Property Management Code (IPMC)
International Building Code (IBC)
International Plumbing Code (IPC)
Life Cycle Costs per year equation
Life Cycle Cost / time = Life Cycle Cost per year
do not include installation
true or false?
according to the B101- the cost to design and document alternates are included in the architects basic services
TRUE
Who determines when a project has been substantially completed?
the contractor
according to the AIA A201 - submittals
according to AIA C401, what are consultants required to provide?
a project representative
a cost estimate for work
professional liability insurance
drawings in the format requested by the architect
order of steps architect should take a project through the building code:
determine occupancy and use
sprinkler requirements
construction type
allowable height and area
means of egress
project phase task checklist
coordinate LEED documentation when project is complete
earth retaining drawings (done by contractor during shop drawing phase)
draft punchlist for owner review (after substantial review)
benefits of CPM
allows graphical representation of task dependencies as they effect sheduling
identifies critical tasks that affect the project schedule
helps graphically determine float time for non-critical path construction activities
four types of schedules commonly used by design teams for project staffing forecasts
wall schedules-
critical path method-
milestone- help recognize key events
Gantt Charts- same as bar charts
UniFormat system
establishes costs by breaking down projects by functional elements rather than material or method.
defined by systems or assembly
commonly used in classifying and
estimating construction during the schematic design phase
architect
is the overall project design coordinator who is responsible for accessibility, life safety, building codes, and consultant coordination
float
Used in the critical path method schedule to describe the range of time that noncritical activities can start/end without affecting the overall schedule. Total float is the sum of individual float times that do not affect the critical path time.
the four phases of a project life cycle
initiation
planning
execution
closure
words to avoid in professional and technical writing
etc really very wont't (any contractions) wanna,gonna,y'all (colloquialisms) drop me a line, we don't see eye to eye (idiom)
AIA C401
standard form of agreement between architect and consultant
Davis Bacon Act
A law that requires workers on federal or federally-assisted construction projects to be paid no less than the local prevailing wage and benefits.
In terms of career development, who stands to benefit from BIM modeling, as opposed to 2D CAD, the most?
Intern-
BIM gives the intern access to coordination far sooner than the traditional 2D CAD because you are working in plan, section, and elevation simultaneously so the intern is forced to consider how the building goes together.
Statutory Law
state and local statutes largely control land use through planning and zoning regulations, often in the form of ordinances or bylaws
contract documents
includes all items necessary for the proper execution and completion of the work done by the contractor
drawings
the graphic and pictorial portions of the contract documents showing the design, location, and dimensions.
specifications
the written requirements for the materials, equipment, systems, standards, and workmanship.
ALTA Survey
ALTA stands for American Land Title Association and an ALTA survey is a comprehensive survey that reveals information specified by the American Land Title Association, such as property boundaries, easements and encumbrances, encroachments, land improvements, roads and property features, access and legal routes to the property, zoning classification, flood zone classification, and legal property description. Owner to provide as per AIA B101 section 5.4.
metes and bounds survey
A metes and bounds survey is a type of boundary survey that measures land by detailing the boundaries of a site with directions and distances.
the AIA advocates and promotes the development and adoption of model building codes that do what?
Is the product of informed education and research.
Includes participation by the architect and the public in a consensus process.
Is cost effective in relation to the public benefit.
Calendar Days
Calendar days include public holidays and weekends. Unless otherwise defined, the AIA suite of documents uses calendar days. Refer to A201-2017 section 8.1.4.
three key principles of the IPD contractual agreement.
There are shared financial risks and rewards.
Decisions made by the team are based on the project’s outcome.
There is fiscal transparency among key participants.
According to AIA A201, who pays for the taxes during the construction of the building?
The AIA A201 Section 3.6 says the contractor shall pay sales, consumer, use, and similar taxes for the work.
THE CONTRACTOR
For which of the following reasons might a change order be issued?
Owner reconsiders a portion of the work and asks for modifications.
Owner reconsiders a portion of the work and asks for modifications.
Unforeseen site conditions that arise during construction.
Errors or omissions in the documents by the design team.
How should a mechanics lein issue be resolved?
Enter into mediation- this is the only way to enable the responsible party to clear the lien.
Why should the contractor not pay the subcontractor? -The contractor may have already paid the subcontractor; the lien may be invalid.
Why not the owner pay the subcontractor? - this puts the owner at risk; the lien may be unsubstantiated, or the default may be the contractor’s.
What is the goal of Design Development?
To refine the schematic design such that every design decision necessary to build the project is considered. At the end of Design Development you should be able to go off and produce a set of Construction Documents and never have to consult the owner after DD.
What is the goal of Construction Documents?
To develop a refined set of drawings that can be permitted and modified later if necessary. To create a set of drawings that can be priced and built from.
The owner has responsibilities to the contractor when entering into a construction contract.
Which responsibilities does the owner have?
Retain the services of a licensed architect.
Provide financial information upon request.
Section 2.2 of the A201 General Conditions states that.
Provide proof of site ownership.
Who is responsible for the earth retaining drawings (ERS) and calculations?
the general contractor and come during the shop drawing phase.
When would LEED documentation be coordinated and uploaded?
when the project is completed.
bottom up budgeting
A bottom-up approach is characterized by totaling the needs of individual components and adding them up to get the overall budget number.
top down budgeting
A total budget is set up first, then the total cost is broken down into smaller more manageable parts.
quality management actions during programming
Consensus reviews- a second series of interviews or work sessions is held to confirm that the knowledge was accurately communicated to the design team.
Phasing- includes setting priorities for detailed client information and assembly of information.
Teaming- two or more people should convene to gather information through client interviews, work sessions, and direct observation.
Benchmarking Tours- benchmarking includes the direct observation of state-of-the-art facilities similar to that being programmed.
Per AIA C401, what are consultants required to provide?
A project representative.
Drawings in the format requested by the architect.
E&O insurance (professional liability).
A cost estimate for the work.
The stamp you use to indicate you have reviewed the shop drawing submittal should match the language of the architect’s limitations as stated in the contract.
What should your stamp say?
NO EXCEPTION TAKEN
never used “approved” - opens the architect to liabilities
Name four items in the specifications found in the construction documents:
Scheduled liquidated damages
Soil borings
Seismic information
Window treatment schedule
What are Fair Housing Accessibility regulations?
The Fair Housing Act provides accessibility information for multi-family housing.
Architectural Barriers Act
The Architectural Barriers Act applies to buildings funded with federal funds.
ANSI
ANSI contains technical criteria.
What is the architect’s responsibility if a concealed or unknown condition is found on site?
Investigate and determine if the conditions alter the contractor’s cost and schedule. It is the architect’s responsibility to investigate and determine the next course of action.
According to the B101, which method of dispute resolution should the owner and architect take if they cannot agree?
Mediation-
AIA B101 8.2.1 calls for mediation as the first form of dispute resolution. Negotiation is the first level of “informal” dispute resolution.
What is the role of the initial decision maker?
Shall render initial decisions on claims and shall not show partiality to the owner or contractor. The role of the IDM is to review claims and judge on the best interest of the project. The IDM does not show bias to any party
Typical architects consultants:
Civil Engineer Structural Engineer Mechanical Engineer Electrical Engineer Plumbing Engineer Equipment Specialists Interior Designer
What milestone is to be completed at the end of the contract time?
Substantial Completion- AIA A201 Article 8.1.1 states that contract time is the period of time allotted in the contract documents for substantial completion.
Typical Architects additional services:
Expedited submittal reviews
Project Administration
LEED Certification
Documentation of Bid alternatives
True or False
According to the AIA C401, consultants are independent contractors and the architect shall not be responsible for acts or omissions of the consultant.
TRUE
Who approves the shop drawings?
Contractor then Architect
the contractor reviews all shop drawings for compliance with the contract documents, and submits to the architect for approval.
AIA G807
Project Team Directory-
lists basic information about project team members.
AIA G801
Notice of Additional Services-
is intended to be used by an architect when notifying an owner of additional services pursuant to the AIA’s owner/architect agreements.
AIA G810
Transmittal Letter-
serves as a written record of parties’ exchanged information.
AIA G716
Request for Information (RFI)-
is used to formally request further information from a party during construction.
LEED Levels
certified: 40-49
silver: 50-59
gold: 60-70
platinum: 80 +
What authority verifies compliance with ADA requirements?
The Building Department will review accessibility compliance based on the International Building Code and adopted local and state guidelines. Violations of the law are resolved in the court system.
he ADA’s mandates, including the accessibility standards, are enforced through investigations of complaints filed with federal agencies, or through litigation brought by private individuals or the federal government. There is no plan review or permitting process under the ADA. Nor are building departments required or authorized by the ADA to enforce the ADA Standards (some building departments even include a disclaimer on their plan checks indicating that ADA compliance is not part of their approval process). Entities covered by the law ultimately are responsible for ensuring compliance with the ADA Standards in new construction and alterations.
What is the ADA?
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public.
What is the Public Works Department?
is responsible for operating and maintaining public facilities and infrastructure. The Department ensures that community residents have safe, well-maintained public areas for work and play, from maintaining water, wastewater, and storm drainage systems to cleaning up vacant lots and keeping the streets maintained and clean.
Planned Multiplier equation:
compensation / planned cost= planned multiplier