Pituitary tumors

Question 1

What are pituitary adenomas

Answer 1

benign tumors that arise sporadicall d

Question 2

How are pituitary tumors classified

Answer 2

1. micro vs macro adenoma

2. secretory vs non secretory

Question 3

what is the main genetic cause of pituitary adenomas

Answer 3

multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

Question 4

What are the 4 main common types of adenomas

Answer 4

1. lactotroph adenoma - hyperprolactinaemia
2. somatroph adenoma - acromegaly
3. corticotroph adenoma - cushings
4. thyrotroph adenoma - 2nd hyperthyroidism

Question 5

how do macroadenomas present

Answer 5

1. if secretory - release excess of hormone depending on histopathology
2. mass effect -
3. bitemporal hemianopia
4. diplopia
5. headache

Question 6

how do microadenomas present

Answer 6

1. if secretory - excess of hormone

2. non secretory - assymtomatic

Question 7

Which medical investigation should be done?

Answer 7

1. basal prolactin levels
2. insuine like growth factor
3. 24 hour cortisol urine
   4, thyroid function tests

Question 8

which imaging should be done to diagnose pituitary adenoma?

Answer 8

cranial contrast MRI - reveals intrasellar mass

Question 9

First line tx - pituitary tumors

Answer 9

1. transphenoidal hypophysectomy

2. pituitary irradation