Pituitary Physiology and Pharm Flashcards
Three genetic causes of GH Hyposecretion:
Laron Syndrome, Turner’s Syndrome, SHOX mutations or chromosomal loss
What is Laron Syndrome?
Autosomal recessive GH receptor variant that is insensitive to GH. It’s a genetic defect in the GH axis.
What is Turner’s Syndrome?
Loss of genes on the X chromosome related to stature. By XO genotype or XX with physical pieces missing on one chromosome.
What is SHOX mutations or chromosomal loss?
Short stature homeobox gene. Located on X and Y chromosomes.
What type of drug is Omintrope, Nutropin, Norditropin, Genotropin, Siazen?
recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH)
What is rhIGF used for?
Conditions that do not respond to GH (IGF1 deficiencies - autosomal recessive). Not as effective as GH for those who respond.
What is Mecasermin?
Increlex - rhIGF-1
What is Mecasermine ref abate (Iplex)?
Recombinant rhIGF-1 + rh-insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBR3)
What is IGFBR3?
An IGF carrier protein that modulates IGF effects. It provides stability and increases IGF-1 half life
What is Bromocriptine?
Dopamine Agonist (D2) - used for hyperGH and hyperprolactin
What is Octreotide?
Long-acting somatostatin analog, causes GI (loose) side effects
What is Pegvisomant?
GH receptor antagonist. Used as alternative to treat GH hypersecretion, newer. May increase GH secretion via negative feedback.
What effect can Progesterone have on women?
Inhibits milk production (lactation) - opposite Prolactin. Levels are high when the placenta is retained and immediately postpartum.
What is Cabergoline?
Dopamine agonist. Used for Prolactin releasing Lactotroph Tumor. Preferred over other dopamine agonists due to its higher efficacy to normalize prolactin levels. Shrinks pituitary tumor.
