Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

endo II exam1 > pituitary, hertz > Flashcards

pituitary, hertz Flashcards

1
Q

what is bitemporal hemianopsia

A

lose peripheral vision from pressure on optic chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

signs of cerebral edema

A

HA nausea and vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what should optic nerve look like

A

sharply demarcated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

women with white discharge from nipples and HA and elevate prolactin

A

pituitary adenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

most common cause hyperpituitarism

A

adenoma in anterior lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what pituitary cell secretes prolactin

A

lactotroph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what pituitary cell secretes GH

A

somatotroph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what pituitary cell secretes prolactin and GH

A

mamosomatotroph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what secretes ACTH

A

corticotroph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what secretes FSH and LH

A

gonadotroph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the activating mutation in GH adenomas

A

GNAS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the activating mutation in pituitary carcinomas

A

HRAS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what germline inactivating mutation can occur in GH and prolactin adenomas

A

protein kinase A, regulatory subunit 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

cyclin D1 mutation means what for prognosis of pituitary adenoma

A

bad. very aggressive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MEN1 mutation can lead to what

A

GH prolactin, ACTH adenomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

you find a huge huge adenoma in pituitary, most likely?

A

non functional

the smaller ones are biologically active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

pituitary usually has what type collagen in in

A

collagen IV- reticulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are local mass effects of hyperpituitarism

A

visual field abnormalities, signs and Sx of elevated intracranial P and hypopituitarism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is pituitary apoplexy

A

stroke in pituitary can be caused by acute hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what do high levels of prolactin cause

A

amennorhea, glactorrhea, loss of libido, infertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

why is pituitary adenoma more Dx in women

A

sensitivity of menses disruption between ages 20 and 40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

see dense core granules on electrom microscopy

A

know from endocrine source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

second most common type of functioning pituitary adenoma

A

somatotroph secreting GH

24
Q

what causes gigantism and acromegaly

A

GH secreting adehoma

25
Q

increased levels of GH cause what

A

stimulate secretion IGF-1

26
Q

what is difference of gigantism and acromegaly

A

gigantism is before epiphysis closed.

27
Q

What occurs in acromegaly

A

coarsening of facial features. enlarged soft tissues, large hnads and feet

28
Q

what is hyperostosis

A

increase in bone desity

29
Q

what is prognathism

A

enlargements of the jaw and protrusion of jaw

30
Q

GH secreting tumor can lead to what other complications

A

DM, muscle weakness, HTN, arthritis, CHF, increased risk of GI cancers

31
Q

how do we Dx GH adenoma

A

detect elevated IGF-1 and GH levels.

32
Q

what is the most sensitive test for acromegaly

A

failure to suppress GH production with oral load of glucose

33
Q

what are the effects of glucose on GH secretion

A

should decrease GH secretion

34
Q

What is Cushing syndrome

A

hypercotisolism. escess ACTH

35
Q

what do corticotroph adenomas look like histo

A

basophilic with dense granules and sometimes sparsely granulated
stain with PAS because have POMC

36
Q

Gonadotroph adenomas are most frequently found in what population?

A

middle aged men and women when they become large enough to cause neurologic Sx like impaired vision, HA, diplopia or pituitary apoplexy

37
Q

impaired secretion of LH can cause what in men and women

A

decreased energy and libido in men

amenorrhea in premenopausal women

38
Q

Thyrotroph adenomas can cause what

A

hyperthyroidism

39
Q

majority of pituitary tumors are what kind

A

nonfunctining

40
Q

what Signs and Sx do you see in nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas

A

mass effects

41
Q

2 distinct morphologic features of most adenomas

A

cellular monomorphism and absence of reticulin network

42
Q

TsH increased?

A

hypothyroidism

43
Q

primary cause of pituitary insufficiency

A

trauma, subarachnoid hemorrhage

44
Q

what occurs with children who have GH deficiency

A

pituitary dwarfism

45
Q

What occurs in TSH and ACTH deficiencies

A

hypothyroidism and hypoadrenalism

46
Q

how come lose skin color in hypopituitarism

A

because loss of sitmulatory effects of MSH on melanocytes

47
Q

What is DI

A

deficiency in ADH

excessive urination

48
Q

What is SIADH

A

ADH excess causing hyponatremia

49
Q

where does ADH work

A

collecting tubules of kidney

50
Q

what tumor can cause SIADH

A

oat cell carcinoma or small cell carcinoma

51
Q

what are differences of DI central vs nephrogenic

A

central is at level of ADH secretion, nephrogenic is response to ADH

52
Q

if find tumor in pituitary and when aspirated find dark oil that comes out what is it and why is it dark?

A

craniopharyngioma

breakdown of keratin produces dark color with cholesterol breakdown

53
Q

which cranipharyngioma demonstates calcifications

A

the adamantinomatous not papillary

54
Q

what are spherule calcifications in epithelium called

A

psamomma bodies

55
Q

prognosis of those with craniopharyngiomas

A

good survival, not recurrence if less than 5 cm

larger lesions still good prognosis but more invasive

endo II exam1 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions