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Yr 1 - Endocrinology > Pituitary Gland / Hypothalamus > Flashcards

Pituitary Gland / Hypothalamus Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the hypothalamus / pituitary gland?

A

In the brain, can get access through the nose

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2
Q

What are the 2 lobes that the pituitary gland is divided into?

A

Anterior and posterior

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3
Q

What is function of anterior lobe?

A

Produces various hormones

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4
Q

What is function of posterior lobe?

A

Stores various hormones produced by hypothalamus

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5
Q

What 5 hormones are produced by the anterior lobe?

A
  1. Growth hormone (GH)
  2. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
  3. Gonadotrophins (FSH and LH)
  4. Thyroid stimulating hormone (or thyrotrophin) (TSH)
  5. Prolactin
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6
Q

What are the gonadotrophins?

A

FSH and LH

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7
Q

What hormones are stored by the posterior lobe?

A
  1. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

2. Oxytocin

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8
Q

What is job of growth hormone?

A

For skeletal growth

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9
Q

What is job of ACTH?

A

Stimulate adrenals to produce cortisol and steroids

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10
Q

What is job of the gonadotrophins (FSH and LH)?

A

Stimulate testicles or ovaries to produce sex hormone

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11
Q

What is job of TSH?

A

Stimulates thyroid to produce thyroid hormones

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12
Q

What is job of prolactin?

A

Stimulates breast milk production

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13
Q

What is job of ADH?

A

Stimulates water reabsorption by kidneys

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14
Q

What is job of oxytocin?

A

Helps uterine contractions during labour

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15
Q

What is the anterior pituitary gland controlled by?

A

Hypothalamus

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16
Q

Which hormone stimulates ACTH secretion?

A

Corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH)

17
Q

What does thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) stimulate?

A

TSH secretion

18
Q

What hormone stimulates growth hormone secretion?

A

Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)

19
Q

What does gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulate?

A

FSH and LH secretion

20
Q

Why does prolactin have no releasing hormone?

A

Is under the inhibitory effect of the hypothalamus

21
Q

What hormone does cortisol switch off?

A

ACTH and CRH

22
Q

What does growth hormone switch off?

A

GH and GHRH

23
Q

What do thyroid hormones switch off?

A

TSH and TRH

24
Q

What do the sex hormones switch off?

A

FSH/LH and GnRH

25
Q

What glands aren’t controlled by the pituitary?

A
  1. Adrenal medulla
  2. Gut hormones
  3. Parathyroid
  4. Pancreas
  5. Mineralocorticoid (hormone not a gland)

Yr 1 - Endocrinology (14 decks)

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