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Yr 1 - Endocrinology > Other Endocrine Glands > Flashcards

Other Endocrine Glands Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the parathyroid gland? What is its job?

A

Behind the thyroid. Controls calcium levels

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2
Q

Where is the pancreas? What is it’s job?

A

Abdomen. Controls sugar levels

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3
Q

Where is the adrenal?

A

On top of the kidney

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4
Q

What is the adrenal gland composed of?

A
  1. Adrenal cortex (90% of gland)

2. Adrenal medulla (10% of gland)

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5
Q

What does the adrenal cortex produce?

A
  1. Corticosteroids
  2. Androgens
  3. Mineralocorticoids
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6
Q

What does the adrenal medulla produce?

A

Catecholamines

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7
Q

What components produced by the adrenal cortex are controlled by the pituitary?

A

Corticosteroids and androgens

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8
Q

Mineralocorticoid is not controlled by the pituitary. What is it related to?

A

Related to the renin-angiotensin system which controls blood pressure

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9
Q

What happens when blood pressure drops in relation to mineralocorticoid?

A
  1. Blood pressure drops
  2. Kidneys secrete renin (hormone)
  3. This stimulates angiotensin production
  4. This stimulates aldosterone production
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10
Q

What is the hormone production cycle for the ovaries?

A
  1. Pituitary secretes FSH and LH
  2. This tells the ovaries to secrete oestradiol, inhibin and progesterone
  3. Inhibin feeds back to the pituitary
  4. Oestradiol feeds back to the pituitary and hypothalamus
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11
Q

What happens during the first 14 days of the menstrual cycle?

A
  1. Mainly FSH secreted which increases oestradiol
  2. Lots of oestradiol will switch off FSH but stimulate LH secretion
  3. When there is enough LH then progesterone is produced
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12
Q

What happens during the second half of the menstrual cycle?

A

Lots of progesterone secretion

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13
Q

Where are the ovaries situated?

A

In the pelvis on either side of the uterus

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14
Q

Where are the testes found?

A

Scrotum

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15
Q

What are the testes composed of?

A
  1. Interstitial / Leydig cells
  2. Seminiferous tubules
  3. Sertoli cells
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16
Q

What is job of interstitial / Leydig cells?

A

Produce testosterone

17
Q

What is job of seminiferous tubules?

A

Made up of germ cells producing sperms

18
Q

What is job of sertoli cells?

A
  1. Help in sperm production

2. Produce inhibin

19
Q

Where is testosterone in females produced?

A

Mainly from the adrenal gland

20
Q

What is the main corticosteroid?

21
Q

What are androgens?

A

Male hormones

22
Q

What is the primary mineralocorticoid?

A

Aldosterone

23
Q

What are the catecholamines?

A

Adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine

24
Q

What are the sex hormones produced by the ovaries?

A

Oestradiol, inhibin and progesterone

Yr 1 - Endocrinology (14 decks)

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