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CC2Lec VI > Pituitary Gland > Flashcards

Pituitary Gland Flashcards

1
Q

Highest and lowest level of ACTH

A

6-8 am and 6-11pm

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2
Q

Highest level of ACTH

A

6-8 am

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3
Q

Lowest Level of ACTH

A

6-11pm

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4
Q

Sample Container for ACTH Diagnostic Test

A

Pre-chilled EDTA tubes

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5
Q

Also known as stress hormone or direct effector hormone

A

Prolactin

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6
Q

With breast development, prolactin has to work with 2 hormones

A

Progesterone and Estrogen

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7
Q

Prolactin is regulated by what inhibition and explain

A

Tonic inhibition, delayed but long lasting

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8
Q

Major inhibitor of Prolactin

A

Dopamine

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9
Q

3 ways for increased Prolactin

A

Tumors, inflammation, trauma

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10
Q

Condition that directly secrets prolactin

A

Prolactinoma

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11
Q

The consequence of prolactin excess

A

Hypogonadism

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12
Q

Not use glass tubes in using ACTH, why?

A

It adheres to glass tubes and leads to falsely decreased ACTH levels

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13
Q

Conditions of increased PRL

A

Pituitary adenoma, infertility, amenorrhea, galactorrhea acromegaly, renal failure, PCOS, cirrhosis, 1 and 2 hypothyroidism

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14
Q

Increased Prolactin in men can result to

A

Reduced libido and erectile dysfunction

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15
Q

Highest level of Prolactin

A

4-8 am and 8-10 pm

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16
Q

For Prolactin laboratory evaluation, we obtain this 2 hormones, why?

A

Tsh and ft4 to eliminate primary hypothyroidism as the cause of elevation of PRL

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17
Q

Complete loss of function of the adenohypophysis

A

Panhypopituitarism

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18
Q

2 problems for panhypopituitarism

A

Either be pituitary gland or hypothalamus

19
Q

Order of hormone disappearance in Panhypopituitarism

A

GH, Gonadotropins, TSH, ACTH, PRL

20
Q

Decreased blood supply to an organ

A

Ischemia

21
Q

Two tumors that blocks the infundibulum

A

Adenoma and craniopharyngioma

22
Q

Result of blood loss or hemorrhage or shock in a pregnant woman also known as Postpartum Pituitary Gland Necrosis

A

Sheehan’s Syndrome

23
Q

Supraoptic nuclei secrets

A

Vasopressin

24
Q

Paraventricular nuclei secrets

A

Oxytocin

25
Q

Hormone that regulates the contraction of the gravid uterus and myoepithelial cells in the breast

A

Oxytocin

26
Q

Target organs for ADH

A

DCT and Collecting tubules

27
Q

Decrease in blood pressure stimulates the release of

A

ADH

28
Q

Potent pressor agent and affects blood clotting hormone

A

ADH

29
Q

The hormone affects blood clotting by promoting the release of 2 Factors

A

Factor VII from liver cells and Factor VIII from endothelial cells

30
Q

Physiologic stimuli to ADH secretion

A

Nausea, cytokine, hyperglycemia, hypercarbia, nicotine

31
Q

Physiologic stimuli to ADH release

A

Dehydration, physical and emotional stress due to surgery

32
Q

Phospholipase C will cleave ** which causes the production of ** and ***

A

PIP2, Diacyl glycerol and Inositol Triphosphate

33
Q

Whats the function of IP3

A

Transport intracellular calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum

34
Q

DAG activates

A

Protein kinase C

35
Q

Main cause of DI

A

Destruction of neurohypophysis or hypothalamus or problem in the thirst center in the hypothalamus

36
Q

No water intake leads to what electrolyte imbalance

A

Hypernatremia

37
Q

What is Nephrogenic DI

A

Problem in the ADH receptors in the kidneys, but normal ADH

38
Q

What is neurogenic DI

A

Problem in the ADH production in pituitary gland, while normal ADH receptors

39
Q

What is the True DI

A

Neurogenic DI

40
Q

Diagnostic Test for DI

A

Overnight Water Deprivation Test

41
Q

Positive result for OWDT

A

8-12 hours after, urine osmolality fails to elevate above 300 mOsm/kg

42
Q

Synthetic form of ADH

A

Desmopressin

43
Q

After administration of Desmopressin, still below 300 mOsm/kg

A

Nephrogenic DI

CC2Lec VI (4 decks)

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