Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

metabolic diseases > pituitary > Flashcards

pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

how do things get to the anterior pituitry

A

portal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the portal system contained in

A

pituitary stalk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

purpose of anterior pituitary hormones

A

stimulate peripheral glands and tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

posterior pituitary purpose

A

storage for ADH and oxytocin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where are oxytocin and ADH synthesised

A

supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei in the anterior hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

other name of ADH

A

vasopressin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how do things get to the posterior pituitary

A

single axon in the pituitary stalk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does oxytocin do

A

roduces milk ejection and uterine myometrial contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

conditions associated with hormone excess are diagnosed by

A

suppression tests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

while conditions associated with hormone deficiency are diagnosed by

A

stimulation tests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

most common form of pituitary disease

A

pituitary adenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

major conditions caused by pituitary over production 3

A

galactorrhoea, amenorrhoea, erectile dysfunction
gigantism/acromegaly
cushings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is acromegaly/gigantism caused by

A

too much GH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does prolactin excess cause

A

galactorrhoea, amenorrhoea, erectile dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is cushings caused by

A

too much ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pituitary adenoma pressure on optic chiasm causes

A

bitemporal hemianopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

pituitary adenoma pressure on cavernous sinus causes

A

III, IV and VI cranial nerve lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

pituitary adenoma pressure on meninges causes

A

headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

pituitary adenoma pressure on hypothalamic centres causes

A

obesity, altered appetite and thirst, precocious puberty in children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

pituitary adenoma pressure on ventricles causes

A

causing interruption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and hydrocephalus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how to check for pituitary adenoma

A

MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

first hormones affected in pituitary adenoma

A

GH and gonadotrophins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

name the gonadotrophins

A

LH

FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

last hormones affected by pituitary adenoma

A

ACTH TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

tonic inhibitory control of prolactin is by

A

dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what happens to prolactin in pituitary lesion

A

over production as can no longer be inhibited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Panhypopituitarism

A

deficiency of all anterior pituitary hormones

28
Q

most common cause of hypopituitary

A

hypothalamic tumour, or treatment of the tumour by surgical removal or radiotherapy

29
Q

Gonadotrophin deficiency results in

A

loss of libido, amenorrhoea and erectile dysfunction

30
Q

hyperprolactinaemia results in

A

galactorrhoea and hypogonadism

31
Q

GH deficiency

A

short kids

cant tell in adults

32
Q

long term hypopituitary appearance

A

pallor and hairloss

33
Q

hypo pituitary syndromes

A

Congenital deficiency of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) – Kallmann’s syndrome
Sheehan’s syndrome
Pituitary apoplexy
‘Empty sella’ syndrome

34
Q

kallmanns is asociated with

A

asomnia

35
Q

Sheehan’s syndrome

A

pituitary infarction following severe post-partum haemorrhage

36
Q

Pituitary apoplexy

A

rapid enlargement of a pituitary tumour due to infarction or haemorrhage.

37
Q

Pituitary apoplexy symptoms

A

severe headache and sudden severe visual loss

38
Q

where is the pituitary found

A

sella turcica

39
Q

oral replacement steroid

A

hydrocortisone

40
Q

oral replacement thyroid

A

levothyroxine

41
Q

hypopituitary and a women wants to get pregnant whet do you do

A

LH and FSH analogues

42
Q

timing of GH secretion

A

pulsatile

43
Q

GH secretion is stimulated by

A

GH releasing hormone

44
Q

GH secretion is inhibited by

A

somatostatin

45
Q

where is grhelin synthesised

A

stomach

46
Q

what else increases GH secretion

A

grhelin

47
Q

what does GH act on

A

insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)

48
Q

excessive GH in children

A

gigantism

49
Q

excessive GH in adults

A

acromegaly

50
Q

what is acromegaly caused by

A

pituitary adenoma

51
Q

local tumour expansion acromegaly affects

A

headaches, visual field loss

52
Q

metabolic affects of excess GH

A

sweating and soft tissue swelling

53
Q

serum IGF1 levels in acromegaly

A

raised

54
Q

diagnostic test for acromegaly

A

glucose tollerance test

55
Q

what can you use to look at pituitary adenoma

A

MRI

56
Q

in acromegaly what will prolactin be

A

hyperprolactinaemia

57
Q

head and neck acromegaly symptoms

A

Headaches, Visual deterioration, Deep voice, Goitre

58
Q

sex acromegaly symptoms

A

Amenorrhoea or Oligomenorrhoea, Galactorrhoea, Impotence or poor libido

59
Q

general acromegaly symptoms

A

Tiredness, Weight gain, Breathlessness, Excessive sweating, Muscular weakness, Joint pain

60
Q

acromegaly appearance changes

A

Increased glove or hat size

61
Q

acromegaly surgical treatment

A

Transsphenoidal surgical resection

62
Q

what inhibits GH secretion

A

Somatostatin analogues

dopamine agonists

63
Q

examples of somatostatin analogues

A

octreotide and lanreotide

64
Q

examples of dopamine agonists

A

bromocriptine or cabergoline

65
Q

acromegaly signs

A

Visual field defects
Hirsutism, Thick greasy skin
Glycosuria

metabolic diseases (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions