acute kidney injury Flashcards
AKI
idney fails over a short time period, rapid fall in GFR and an increase in creatinine and urea levels
prerenal causes
Hypovolaemia e.g. diuretics
Shock
Hypoperfusion - NSAIDs, hepatorenal syndrome, ACE
Oedema
intrinsic
Glomerular disease
Tubulointerstitial disease
post
Obstruction of the ureter, bladder neck or urethra
uraemia symptoms
weakness, fatigue, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, followed by mental confusion, seizures and coma
severe untreated anaemia can lead to
pericarditis
skin changes
pruritus and bruising
sign of fluid overload
raised JVP
why might you avoid metabolic acidosis
also vomitting
oliguria causes water overload and
hyponatraemia
what happens to phosphate
hyperphosphataemia
breathlessness is due to
pulmonary oedema and anaemia
impaired platelet function on a GI bleed
exacerbates
why do you get bruising
impaired platelet function
high ESR and anaemia patient - what is the cause of their AKI
myeloma/vasculitis
what test can you do for glomerulonephritis
urine dipstick - haematuria and proteinuria??
