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Neuro Block 4-RG > Pituitary > Flashcards

Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

The supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei secrete which two hormones?

A

vasopressin and oxytocin

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2
Q

Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei run to…

A

posterior pituitary

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3
Q

When are vasopressin and oxytocin released?

A

stimulation into systemic circulation

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4
Q

What causes release of vasopressin?

A

hyperosmolality
hypovolemia
hypotension

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5
Q

What is the mechanism of vasopressin?

A

decreases water resorption in kidney and vasoconstriction

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6
Q

Who makes oxytocin?

A

women

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7
Q

What are the two functions of oxytocin?

A

milk ejection reflex

uterine stimulation and contraction

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8
Q

What type of tissue does oxytocin work on?

A

smooth muscle

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9
Q

Where do vasopressin and oxytocin work from?

A

posterior hypothalamus

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10
Q

What stimulates growth hormone secretion?

A

exercise, stress, and sleep (80%)

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11
Q

What are the two somatomammotropins released from the anterior pituitary?

A

growth hormone and prolactin

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12
Q

What stimulates prolactin production?

A

suckling, stress

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13
Q

What is the function of prolactin?

A

prepare breast tissue for suckling

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14
Q

What are the glycoproteins synthesized in anterior pituitary?

A

TSH
FSH
LH

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15
Q

What is the stimulus of TSH secretion?

A

exposure to cold temperature

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16
Q

What is the function of follicle stimulating hormone?

A

men: spermatogenesis
women: development of ovarian follicle

17
Q

What is the function of leutinizing hormone in women?

A

initiate ovulation “trigger”

stimulates progesterone

18
Q

What is the function of leutinizing hormone in men?

A

spermatogenesis

19
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

  • stimulation
  • effect
A
  • stress

- secretes cortisol from adrenal cortex

20
Q

Beta-endorphin

  • stimulation
  • effect
A
  • stress

- analgesia

21
Q

What test can be used to assess anterior pituitary function?

A

stress test: insulin induced hypoglycemia

-elevated cortisol, prolactin, growth hormone, and beta-endorphin

22
Q

What is the etiology of diabetes insipidus?

A

no vasopressin release

trauma, autoimmune, idiopathic

23
Q

What is the treatment of diabetes insipidus?

A

desamino-vasopressin

24
Q

What is the etiology of galactorrhea-amenorrhea?

A

increased prolactin

microadenoma on pituitary

25
Q

What is the treatment of galactorrhea-amenorrhea?

A

dopamine receptor antagonist (temporary)

surgical removal of microadenoma

Neuro Block 4-RG (21 decks)

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