Pins And Wires Flashcards

1
Q

Steinmann pins are AKA?>

A

Intramedullary pins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F: steinmann pins can be smooth or threaded

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Small steinmann pins are AKA?

A

Kirschner (k) wires

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Advantages of steinmann pins?

A
Inexpensive 
Small inventory 
Less tissue trauma 
Less surgical time 
Easy to remove
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Can are disadvantages of steinmann pins?

A

Cannot maintain bone length
ONLY resists bending forces
Pin migration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are all the possible applications of steinmann pin applications?

A
Intramedullary placement 
Stack pinning 
Cross pinning 
Rush pinning 
Diverging pins 
Skewer pin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F: intramedullary pins are an adequate fixation method on their own

A

False

Always need adjunct

Eg cerclage wire, ESF, or plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How can you place a intramedullary pin ?

A

With Jacobs chuck or pin driver

Normograde or retrograde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

IM pin placement is contraindicated in what bone?

A

Radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Indications for IM pins?

A

Small dog or cat with stable/simple fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When is IM pin contraindicated?

A

Most fractures in medium and large dogs— too much force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F: stack pinning (2 or more pins to fill the medullary cavity) provides more fracture fixation

A

False

Clinically has shown no advantage and has higher incidence of pin migration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When cross pinning, the pins should cross on which side of the fracture

A

Larger side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cross pinning is able to counteract which forces?

A

Rotational and bending forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When is cross pinning used?

A

Physeal fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of IM pinning is used for very distal or proximal fractures and provides 3 points of contact ?

A

Rush pinning

17
Q

What type of pinning method is used to stabilize salter harris 1 fractures of proximal humerus and femur?

A

Diverging pin

3 K wires are placed in triangular fashion (do NOT penetrate joint surface)

18
Q

What are the uses of orthopedic wire?

A
Full cerclage 
Hemicerclage 
Skewer pin 
Tension band 
Interfragmentary wire
19
Q

When if full cerclage wire used?

A

Long oblique or spiral fractures in which the fracture line is at least 2x the diameter of the bone

20
Q

What is the maximum number of fracture segments that you can use full cerclage wire with?

21
Q

When is hemicerclage wire indicated?

A

Short oblique diaphyseal fractures

Hole drilled in proximal and distal fracture segment

22
Q

T/F: hemicerclage wire only counteracts rotation in one direction

23
Q

What fracture fixation method uses a full cerclage wire that is placed around a K-wire that bisects a fracture at a perpendicular axis

A

Skewer pin

24
Q

When is the skewer pin method indicated

A

Short oblique fractures

25
What type of fixation method is indicated for avulsion fractures?
Tension band wires
26
When can interfragmentary wires be used?
Simple fractures of flat, non weight bearing bones that interdigitate well Eg certain mandibular and maxillary fractures
27
T/F: external skeletal fixators resist all forces?
True
28
When placing external fixator, you need at least _____ pins per fracture segment
2
29
When placing a type Ia fixator on the tibia, which side of the limb is it placed on?
Medial
30
When placing a type 1a fixator in a radius, which side of limb is it placed on?
Cranial and medial
31
When placing a type 1a fixator on the femur or humerus, which side of the limb is it placed on/
Lateral
32
What is a type1b external fixator?
Unilateral -biplanar
33
When placing a type 2 fixator on the humerus, what side is it placed?
None.. cannot place type 2 fixators on the humerus or the femur Only on tibia and radius - these will be placed medial to lateral
34
What are the indications for a circular/ring fixator?
Complex fractures Limb shortening/lengthening procedure Angular deformities Transport of bone segments
35
Complications to external skeletal fixation?
Loosing pins or wires Delayed or non union fractures Osteomyelitis Loss of joint motion Nerve or vessel damage