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RUSVM Small Animal Surgery 1 > Male Reproduction > Flashcards

Male Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

Clinical signs associated with testicular torsion?

A

Anorexia, lethargy
Acute abdomen
Shock and death

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2
Q

What are locations of testicular torsion?

A

Abdominal
Inguinal
Scrotal

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3
Q

What are surgical diseases of the scrotum??

A 
Trauma 
Ulcerative dermatitis 
Sunburn 
Frostbite 
Infection/abscess
Complications from orchiectomy 
Neoplasia
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4
Q

If trauma to the scrotum is not amendable to medical treatment, what could you do?

A

Scrotal ablation

—> incision on each side of base of scrotum
—> leave sufficient tissue
—> electrocautery
—> close in 3 layers

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5
Q

Indications for scrotal ablation ?

A

Trauma, ulcerative dermatitis, sunburn, frostbite, infection/abscess/neoplasia

Castration of older large breed dog —> reduced dead space and more cosmetic

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6
Q

Your dog has a fracture to the os penis due to trauma. What will you do?

A

If simple break —> catheterized and conservatively manage

If comminuted fracture —> wire or finer plate

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7
Q

What is the treatment for trauma/strangulation for the penis?

A

Conservative management

Catheterize if urethral trauma

Penile amputation if necrotic

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8
Q

What are the indications for penile amputation?

A

Gangrenous penis

Severe urethral trauma

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9
Q

What is the procedure for penile amputation?

A

Catheterize
Withdraw penis
Create urethrostomy proximal

Tuck stump in SQ

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10
Q

T/F: surgical removal is the primary treatment for TVT

A

False

  • vincristine
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11
Q

How can papilloma, SCC or osteosarcoma be treated surgically?

A

Surgical resection r partial penile amputations

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12
Q

What paraphimosis?

A

Inability to retract penis into prepuce

—> leads to congestion, discolouration, and necrosis

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13
Q

What is the etiology of paraphimosis?

A

Narrow orifice
Shortened prepuce

Trauma
Infection
Priapism

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14
Q

What are treatments for paraphimosis?

A

If viable tissue —> lubricant and hyperosmolar agents to reduce

If cannot reduce
—> narrow orifice —> preputiotomy
—> short prepuce —> preputial advancement

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15
Q

How is a preputial advancement done?

A

Two U-shaped incisions at cranial end of prepuce

Advance prepuce by shortening the preputial muscles

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16
Q

What can you do if you have a recurrent/persistant paraphimosis?

A

Phallopexy —> penis to prepuce pexy

Incision on side of prepuce

Make an incision on dorsal border of the penis and remove 1.5cm strip of mucosa from dorsal prepuce and penis corresponding tissue in the prepuce

17
Q

If you have paraphimosis that has cause necrotic or gangrenous tissue, how would you treat?

A

Penile amputation

18
Q

What is phimosis?

A

Inability to protrude penis beyond preputial orifice

19
Q

What is the etiology of phimosis?

A

Congenital —> distended prepuce

Acquired —> preputial trauma or neoplasia

20
Q

What is the treatment for phimosis?

A

Enlarge preputial orifice (fish mouth)

21
Q

Clinical signs associated with benign prostatic hypertrophy?

A

Dyschezia
Ribbons like feces

Asymptomatic

22
Q

What is the diagnosis at treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A

Radiographs
—> enlarged prostate
—> colorectal compression

US
—> homogenous prostatic enlargement

23
Q

What is the treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A

Castration

24
Q

What is the etiology for prostatitis/abscess?

A

Ascending urethral infection

25
Q

Signalment for prostatitis?

A

Middle age to older
Non castrated
Predisposed to BPH

26
Q

Most common organism causing prostatitis?

A

Ecoli

27
Q

What would you see on blood work that could be caused by prostatic abscess?

A

Leukocytosis

Increased globulins

28
Q

US shows..

Heterogenous prostate
Capsular tissue surrounding fluid is pathognomic

What is this?

A

Prostatic abscess

29
Q

Treatment for prostatic abscesses?

A

Mild cases

  • > Castration
  • > Systemic antibiotics (enrofloxacin / TMS)
30
Q

How do you treat severe cases of prostatic abcess?

A

Supportive care
Systemic antibiotics
Prostatic drainage
Castration

31
Q

What are the prostatic drainage procedures?

A

Marsupilzation -> create a prostatocutaenous stoma (high complications)

Ventral drainage - penrose drain

Omentalization (best method)

32
Q

Clinical saints associated with prostatic cysts?

A

Urinary incontinence and dysuria

Abdominal distention

33
Q

Diagnosis of prostatic cysts?

A

Abdominal palpation - mass

Radiographs — caudal abdominal mass
Contrast radiographs - elongated urethra
Ultrasounds- double bladder

FNA

  • brown watery fluid
  • no microorganisms
34
Q

Treatment for small prostatic cysts?

A

Surgical resection

Castration

35
Q

What is the treatment for large prostatic cysts/ urethral communication ?

A

Partial resection
Drainage
Omentalization
Castration

36
Q

Most common type of prostatic neoplasia?

A

Adenocarcinoma

TCC and SCC

37
Q

Clinical signs associated with prostatic neoplasia?

A 
Dysuria
Hematuria 
Straining to defecate 
Ribbon like feces 
Lameness due to metastasis 
Large asymmetrical prostate
38
Q

When is total prostatectomy indicated?

A

Early neoplasia

Catheterize ureathra, place proximal and distal stay sutures

Ligate blood supply
End to end anastomosis

39
Q

What are the types of subtotal (partial) prostatectomy?

A

Extra capsular or intracapsular

RUSVM Small Animal Surgery 1 (39 decks)

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