Dental Disease Flashcards
What is retained deciduous tooth?
Failure of the primary tooth’s root to undergo resorption
What are the most commonly retained deciduous teeth?
Canine and incisors
An erupting maxillary canine erupts _______ to deciduous canines
Rostral
Mandibular adult canines erupt ________ to deciduous canines- retained deciduous K9s can cause base narrow adult canines
Lingual
The space between two teeth is called?
Diastema
T/F: permanent teeth erupt lingual/palatal to deciduous teeth
True
What is the most commonly crowded tooth
Maxillary 3rd premolar
T/F: decreased free space due to crowding may predispose to periodontal disease
True
What is the most common supranumerary tooth?
Maxillary P3 most common
And incisors
What are possible consequences of supernumerary teeth?
Interfere with normal occlusion, cause overcrowding, malposition, malocclusion, or incomplete eruption of adjacent teeth
Tooth has extra cusp and extra root of normal size. What is this?
Supernumerary root — most common in PM3 (maxillary)
What is fusion and germination of teeth?
Fusion — joining of two teeth ( one crown and too roots or two root canals)
Germination — incomplete splitting f two teeth ( two crowns, one root if single rooted or two normal roots medial and distal and large common root in center if multi-rooted)
Name for missing teeth?
Anodontia/oligodontia/hypodontia
What are causes of missing teeth?
Genetic defect - never developed
Impacted
Slow eruption
Fell out
Trauma
Extracted
Premolars>incisors>molars
What is the normal occlusion in the dog/cat?
Maxillary incisors are rostral to the mandibular with the mandibular incisors in contact with the cingulum of the maxillary incisor
Mandibular canine should be rostral to the maxillary canine
Scissor bite with mandibular teeth ahead of corresponding maxillary teeth
4th maxillary premolar should cover the back of the 4th premolar and the lower 1st molar
What is the cingulum?
Shelf on the palatal surface of the maxillary incisors where mandibular incisors rest
What class of malocclusion is due to malpositioned teeth within a jaw that is normal length
Class I Neutroclusion
What are some examples of a class I neutroclusion?
Rostra (anterior) or caudal (posterior) cross-bite
Base narrow canines
What type of malocclusion is a parrot mouth/ overshot?
Class 2 Mandibular distocclusion
— mandibular brachygnathism
What class of malocclusion is an undershot jaw?
Class 3
— mandibular prognathism
What type of malocclusion is a “wry” bite?
Class 4- asymmetrical skeletal malocclusion
What is a lance tooth?
Rostral displaced adult canine tooth with a deciduous tooth in normal position
Lance tooth is considered genetic in what breeds?
Sheltie
Schnauzer
Italian greyhound
Fox terrier
What are possible treatments for lance tooth?
Non
Crown reduction + endodontic
Extraction
Orthodontics
One or mor of the maxillary incisors are displaced toward the palate.
What is this?
Rostral (anterior) cross bite
Class I malocclusion
One or more the the maxillary premolars are lingual to the mandibular premolars or molars
What do you call this?
Caudal (posterior) cross bite
Class I malocclusion
What is “level bite”?
When the crowns of the incisors meet
Class III malocclusion —> prognathism
Leads to abnormal wear on incisors (attrition) commonly repaired by tertiary dentin
What are causes of wry mouth?
Trauma
Inherited
What are possible treatments for malocclusions?
Interceptive orthrodontics
Crown reductions
Orthodontic applicants
- eg “ball therapy” for base narrow canines
Exodontis
What type of procedure is the removal of primary teeth to avoid or correct a problem?
Interceptive orthodontics
What are possible causes of impacted teeth?
Lack of space in dental arch or mal-alignment of the tooth bud
Can result due to trauma, including traumatic extraction of retained primary teeth
How are impacted teeth diagnosed?
Radiographs
T/F: impacted or malformed teeth should be extracted in most cases?
True
- can result in abscess or cyst formation
T/F: a vial impacted tooth can potentially erupt into its normal position if the overlying gingiva and alveolar bone is removed
True
What is a fluid filled cyst surrounding the crown of an unerupted tooth resulting form persistence of the enamel forming epithelium
Dentigerous cyst
Clinical signs of a dentigerous cyst?
Missing teeth
Swelling with “blue hue” and may be fluctuant
Pain
What is the treatment for a dentigerous cyst?
Extract impacted tooth and lining of cyst
Extract compromised adjacent teeth
“Bone graft”
Damage to ameloblastoma during enamel development r exposure of enamel to corrosive material can cause???
Enamel hypoplasia / hypocalcification
What are some EDX of enamel hypoplasia?
High fever
Distemper
Periacpical inflammation or trauma of permanent tooth bud or endocrine dysfunction early in life
What is radicular dysplasia?
Developmental root abnormality where the root is very shallow
—> can be seen with enamel hypoplasia
What are the treatment options for enamel hypoplasia if there is only one or a few teeth affected?
Conservative management
Extraction
Composite restoration
Crown
What are the treatment options for enamel hypoplasia if there is diffuse involvement?
Good home care - frequent brushing
Regular professional dental cleanings
Extractions as needed
What the difference between abrasion and attrition?
Attrition = Pathological wearing due to contact with opposite grade teeth (malocclusion )
Abrasion = wearing due to contact with a foreign object (tennis balls, cages, rocks, etc)
Treatment for attrition?
Orthodontic correction
Crown reduction
Extraction
When there is abrasion on the teeth, you should asses for endodontic exposure. How would you do this? How should you treat if there is endodontic exposure?
Dental explorer
— if it enters the pulp chamber —> extract or do root canal
Clinical signs of a periapical granuloma/abscess?
Nasal disease — sneezing, nasal discharge Maxillary/mandibular abscesses Intramural fistula Retrobulbar disease Pathological fracture
A draining tract associated with the teeth is called?
Parulis
These draining tracts can result due to fact, or endodontic dz
What is retrobulbar disease?
Clinical signs?
The roots of maxillary molars 1 and 2 are in the zygomatic arch
Swollen
Exopthalamus
Abscess in back of mouth
Pain when opening mouth
What is the etiology of gingival hyperplasia?
Focal due to peridontal dz
Generalized often seen in boxers
Drugs - cyclosporine, Ca channel blockers, anticonvulsant
Treatment for gingival hyperplasia?
Remove excessive tissue to return sulcus depth to normal
— try to recreate normal scalloped contour
After surgery use chrohexidine rinse BID for 2 weeks
