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RUSVM Small Animal Surgery 1 > Dental Disease 2 > Flashcards

Dental Disease 2 Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: pulpitis is reversible

A

True it can be but is often NOT

The older the patient, the less likelihood the pulp will survive

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2
Q

Treatment for pulpitis?

A

Monitor
Root canal
Extraction

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3
Q

What do you see in radiographs with endodontic disease?

A

Decreased wall thickness

Lucency around apex

Apical resorption

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4
Q

Classify this tooth fracture

Crack in enamel but no loss of structure

A

Enamel infraction

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5
Q

Classify this tooth fracture

Loss of enamel only

A

Enamel fracture

Uncommon

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6
Q

Classify this tooth fracture

Loss of enamel and dentin but no exposure of pulp chamber

A

Uncomplicated crown fracture

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7
Q

Classify this tooth fracture

Loss of enamel and dentin with exposure of pulp chamber

A

Complicated

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8
Q

What is a uncomplicated crown/root fracture?

A

Pulp is not exposed

Break in root

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9
Q

What is the most commonly fractured tooth?

A

Maxillary 4th premolar

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10
Q

What is the treatment for Ann enamel fracture/uncomplicated fracture ?

A

+/- indirect pulp capping

Crown restoration

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11
Q

What is the treatment for complicated tooth fractures?

A

Vital pulpotomy or root canal AND crown restoration

OR

Extraction

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12
Q

What are the indications for endodontics?

A 
Fractured teeth 
Pulpitis 
Tooth luxation/avulsion 
Crown reduction 
-disarming 
-base narrow canines 
-soft tissue trauma after resections

Certain types of dental caries

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13
Q

Advantages to endodontics over extractions?

A

Less invasive

Preserve tooth function and integrity of jaw

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14
Q

What is a vital pulpotomy?? And when is it done?

A

Done to maintain a viable tooth that is still able to mature

  • immature tooth
  • very wide pulp cavity
  • apex not completely closed

Coronal portion of pulp is removed with round bur, then flushed with cold sterile saline and then paper points to control bleeding
ProRoot MTA or Ca hydroxide powder placed on exposed pulp —> stimulate odontoblasts to lay down a bridge of dentin to seal the pulp canal
Canal sealed first with a thin layer of hardening calcium hydroxide paste or other cement
Crown restored with acrylic composite material +/- crown application

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15
Q

In what animals is a vital pulpotomy appropriate in?

A

Young (<18-24months)

Recent pulp exposure

  • sooner the better
  • > 80% success if done under 48hrs
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16
Q

In what patients would a compete root canal be indicated?

A

Complicated fracture of the tooth — involves pulp exposure

In patients that are older >24months (mature tooth)

17
Q

T/F: in a root canal you completely remove all of the pulp contents

A

True

18
Q

What are the basic steps to a root canal?

A

Assess pulp cavity

Remove pulp through access site — tooth in now dead

Clean, disinfect and shape canal

Obturate (fill) canal —> must fill both apical delta and lateral canals

Restore the surface of the crown and acccess site

19
Q

Why is it important that the root canal is completely filled when doing root canal obturation??

A

Prevents contamination in dentinal tubules from escaping from the tooth and causing inflammation/destruction of the tooth supporting structures

20
Q

What do you call a tooth that is partly dislocated from the alveolus but retains some attachment?

A

Luxation

21
Q

A tooth that is completely displaced from alveolus

A

Avulsion

22
Q

What should you advise the owner to do with a luxated or avulsed tooth prior to arrival at the clinic?

A

Luxated— push back into alveolus if possible

Avulsed — keep tooth moist (saliva > milk > saline)

23
Q

What do you do to try and save a luxated/avulsed tooth?

A

Flush the tooth with saline if dirty but do NOT use antiseptics or scrape surface

Re-seat in alveolus and the splint in place (4wks)

Root canal when splint is removed if tooth has reattached

Follow- up rads to assess periodontal ligament — anykylosis/resorption

24
Q

What are the two major functions of the peridontal ligament?

A

Attach tooth to jaw

Separate tooth from alveolar bone to prevent root reabsorption

25
Q

What is a dental carie?

A

Cavity

26
Q

What cell is predominant in tooth resorption?

A

Osteoclastic

27
Q

What is the EDX of tooth restoration?

A

Unknown. May be multifactorial

Most common dz of tooth structure in domestic felines

28
Q

What is a type 1 resorptive lesion?

A

Periodontitis with horizontal bone loss

29
Q

Lymphocytic plasmacytic gingivostomatitis has what EDx and is common in what breeds?

A

EDx: calicivirus, bacterial, or immunological- ‘allergic to plaque’

Siamese, Abyssinian, Persians, Himalayan’s, Burmese

30
Q

Signs of lymphocytic plasmacytic gingivostomatitis ?

A

Ptyalism, halitosis, dysphagia, anorexia, weight loss

31
Q

What teeth are most commonly affected by gingivostomatitis ?

A

Maxillary teeth caudal to canines

32
Q

What would your ddx be for gingivostomatitis? How would you confirm your diagnosis?

A

Neoplasia
Autoimmune dz
Eosinophilic granuloma syndrome

Histopath
Clinical appearance
Typical history

33
Q

What is the treatment for gingivostomatitis?

A

Tooth extraction —sooner the better

Antibiotic - temporary rx

Prophylactic home care

Cyclosporine
Antiviral (if postive for FeLV, FIV, or calicivirus)

Food allergy trial

34
Q

Breeds associated with juvenile-onset periodontitis?

A

Cat

Siamese, Maine coon, DSH

35
Q

Signs of juvenile-onset periodontitis?

A

Severe gingivitis, periodontal dz

36
Q

Treatment for juvenile-onset periodontitis?

A

Prophylactic home care
Some will “outgrow”
Extractions

37
Q

What are lesions associated with eosinophilic granuloma?

A

Skin

  • ulcers
  • linear granuloma

Oral

  • Lip ulceration - rodent ulcer
  • Hard plate erosion

DDX - SCC

38
Q

What is the canine equivalent of feline gingivostomatitis -allergy to plaque?

A

Canine ulcerative paradental stomatitis

39
Q

Treatment for canine ulcerative paradental stomatitis?

A

Home care 1-2x daily brushing

May require tooth extractions to control

RUSVM Small Animal Surgery 1 (39 decks)

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