Pilliavin Flashcards
Outline the background of Piliavin
Kitty Genovese
-She was mudered on her way home
-38 people saw it occur and yet none called the police or went to help
-all expected each other to have called the police
Outline some previous research into bystander apathy
Lalane and Darnley
- room started filling with smoke
When other people were present the excepected each other to flag t and therefore it it was not flagged
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Outline the four aims of the study by Piliavin
-would an ill person get healed more than a drunk person
- would people show. Ethnocentric behaviour and be more likely to help thei own race
-would the intervention of a model influence others
-would the size of the group of bystanders affect help
Outlin what is meant by bystander apathy
When people fail to act and help someone in need when others are present
Outline what is meant by diffusion of responsibility
Bystanders do not take responsibility t help victims when there are other bystanders present
Outline what is meant by altruism
This is doing something for someone else without any personal gain
Explain the sample in Piliavin experiment
-4450 participants took part in the study
-55% white
45% black
Outline the procedure used by Piliavin in this study
-daily on weekdays from 11a.m to 3p.m
-on an exactly 7.5 minute train journey with no interruptions
-70 seconds into the journey, one student would stagger forward and collapse
-they would always collapse in the same spot
-covertly observed by two observers both in the adjacent area
Outline what was controlled about how te victim looked
-All victims wore an Eisenhower jacket a shirt with no tie and old trousers
Explain how it was shown to be the ‘ill’ condition
-The victim would hold a black
Explain how the drunk condition was aced out by victims
-smelt of alcohol
-carried a paper bag containing a liquor bottle
Explain the qualitative findings from this experiment b Piliavin
-Race of victim did not cause much of a difference
-models were rarely needed, the public helped quickly
-number of bystanders had no effect on how many people helped
-women tended to help ses with quotes like ‘it’s for men to help’ and ‘you feel bad when you dont know what to do’
Explain th quantitative findings from this experiment by pilliavin
95% of ill ictims were helped
50% of time the drunk victim was helped
90% of first helpers were males
MEDAN of 5 seconds for the ill victim to get helped without the model being present
Explain what s meant by the arousal cost-reward model
-if you witness an emergency situation, you enter a state of arousal, an unpleasant emotion that we want to get rid of e.g fear
HELPING
-the costs of helping are effort harm and embrassant
-the rewards of helping are praise and sel fulfilment
NOT HELPING
-the costs of not helping are guilt disappointment blame and judgement
-The rewards of not helping are less effort and no risk of harm
