Levine Flashcards
Outline the background of Levine et al
Devious research shows that people in urban areas tend to be less helpful than those in rural settings
Most of these past researchers have focused on larger population size as the factor affecting helping behaviours
Outline the three aims by Levine and his research
-T see if helping of strangers varies between cultures
-To see if eloping of strangers is a characteristic of a culture that is stable across different helping situations
-To investigate charecteristics of. Communities that may be related to helping behaviours
When were the helping scenarios not carried out
They were not done in front of
-children
-physically disabled
-very old
-carrying heavy packages
Outline the sample used in Levine
23 different countries
The selection of these countries was based on convenience, where the student data collectors were oing back home over the holidays.
In each country data was collected from the arrest city or a major city
Outline the procedure used by Levine
-One individual collected ll the data
-All experimenters were male, college age and dressed neatly and casually
-In city centres in the summer during main business hours experimenters would d one of the following three
1)drop a pen whilst walking along
2)drop a pile of magazines whilst walking with a heavy limp and wearing a large and clearly visible leg brace
3)Act like a blind person needing help to cross the road (wore dark glasses and carried a white cane)
Name the two helping scenario that was taken out of the healing scenarios
-One was asking for change- The concept of money was too different for separate cultures
-Mislaid letters-in some places people did not want to touch misplaced letters due to the chance of them containing explosives, as well as this there were differences in countries as some may not have letter boxes
Outline the findings/inclusions about helping behaviours across the world
1)considerable variation was found between countries and their helping behaviours (the most helpful city was Rio De Janeiro with researchers being helped 93% of the time and the least helpful city was Kuala Lumpur with an overall helping rating of 40%)
2)Overall a cities helping rate was relatively stable across the three measures of helping behaviours
3)Levine analysed results and looked for correlations between the following community variables
A.population size of te city
B.purchasing power parity (average income within the country coud buy what)
C.where the country would sit on a 10 point scale with 1 being individualistic and 10 being collectivist
D.pace of life (walking speed of people in the city centre)
