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pigs Flashcards

1
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2
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sea lions

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3
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cull her!

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4
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brachyspira pilosicoli

GI pig disease power lecture

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5
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PCR of aborted fetuses

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6
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rotavirus

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7
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keep going until you get a pattern

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8
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flu

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9
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mucoid diarrhea

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10
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ascaris suum

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11
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give normosol R IV slowly to decrease NA slowly

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12
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S. typhimurium

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13
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coughing and sneezing

foreign animal disease power lecture

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14
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pleuropneumonia

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15
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salt poisoning

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16
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oxytocin

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17
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heritable

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18
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only test the 7 aborted sows for PRRS via PCR

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19
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veneral transmission and through aborted fetuses

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20
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when are pigs vaccinated for ileitis

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21
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necrotic rhinitis

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22
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stands while being mounted by a boar

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23
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whipworms and large bowel diarrhea

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24
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porcine parvovirus

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25
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vaccinate

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26
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can you use penicillin on Mycloplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs

A

no- bacterial has no cell wall
* coughing, fever, inappetance, purple to gray areas of consolidation in the vranio-ventral lungs with a catarrhal exudate in the airways and enlarged regional lymph nodes

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27
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acute ileitis

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28
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PHE is caused by

A

proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy
Lawsonia intracellularis (rope gut)
* red clotted blood in the small intestine
* sudden death
* can be so fast that there is no thickening of the intestinal mucosa

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29
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E coli

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30
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cull

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31
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there is no treatment and should be culled

psuedorabies power page

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32
Q

Pseudorabies is caused by

A

herpesvirus (Porcine herpesvirus-1) and is also called “Aujesky’s disease” or “Mad Itch”

  • reportable disease in pigs
  • transmission via inhalation
  • clinical signs: late term abortions and storms/stillbirths
  • high mortality in piglets (shaker pigs)
  • no specific tratment
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33
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how old are neonates in pigs

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34
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how old are weanlings/nursery pigs

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35
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how old are growers/finisher pigs

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36
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how old are breeders/adult pigs

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37
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clinical signs of pseudorabies in neonates pig

A

Very susceptible, signs of fever, convulsive episodes, and prostration with rapid death
within hours (100% mortality).

  • neonates: 0-3 weeks, less than 4 kgs
  • reportable disease- transmission via inhalation
  • herpesvirus (porcine herpesvirus-1) “Aujesky’s disease” or “Mad Itch”
  • histology: Cowdry type A inclusion bodies
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38
Q

clinical signs of pseudorabies in weanling and grower pigs

A
  • Weanlings (3-10 weeks, ,25 kg) & Growers (10-26 weeks, < 120 kg): Pneumonia, extreme pyrexia, tremors (variable mortality, 15-50%)
  • reportable disease- transmission via inhalation
  • herpesvirus (porcine herpesvirus-1) “Aujesky’s disease” or “Mad Itch”
  • histology: Cowdry type A inclusion bodies
  • late term abortions/storms
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39
Q

clinical signs of pseudorabies in adult pigs

A
  • Adults: Infection is often unapparent, but stillbirths and abortions are the main sign. Occasionally can cause similar respiratory or neurologic signs (mortality < 15%).
  • reportable disease- transmission via inhalation
  • herpesvirus (porcine herpesvirus-1) “Aujesky’s disease” or “Mad Itch”
  • histology: Cowdry type A inclusion bodies
  • late term abortions/storms

breeder/adults > 6 months, 120kg

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40
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A

tentanus

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41
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how to treat tetanus in pigs

A

penicillin, muscle relaxants, antitoxin, vaccination with tetanus toxoid

  • should revaccinate in 4 weeks if they survive
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42
Q
A

fenbendazole

swine diarrhea power page

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43
Q

what are Ascaris suum

A

round worms in pigs

  • hepatic migration- milk spots
  • migrate to lungs and are coughed up and swallowed
  • can cause intestinal obstuctions
  • fecal float
  • Ivermectin, fenbendazole, pyrantel, lavamisole
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44
Q

how to treat round worms in pigs

A

Ascaris suum: round worms in pigs

  • hepatic migration- milk spots
  • migrate to lungs and are coughed up and swallowed
  • can cause intestinal obstuctions
  • fecal float
  • Ivermectin, fenbendazole, pyrantel, lavamisole
  • fenbendazole: benzimidazole anthelminitic with a broad spectrum for roundworms, hooks, whips, pins and strongyles
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45
Q

top causes of diarrhea for nursing/unweaned pigs

A

The major causes of diarrhea in this age group are:
● Clostridium perfringens – type A and C – 1-7 day old piglets
● Clostridium difficile – 1-2 day old piglets
● Enteric colibacillosis (E. Coli) – 1-14 day old piglets and again in first 2 weeks post weaning
● Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) – all ages
● Coccidia (Isospora suis and Eimeria spp.) – 5-15 day old piglets
● Rotavirus – all ages
● Hypoglycemia

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46
Q

Clostridium perfringes Type A and C cause — in — age pigs

A
  • diarrhea- yellow watery, bloody
  • 1-7 days
  • slow spread with intro of new pigs
  • dark red small intestines with hemorrhage
  • type A: high morbidity and low mortality
  • type C: high morbidity and 100% death- often healthiest piglet affected
  • treatment: ineffective, antitoxins and antibiotics can be given, best is to vaccinate sows prior to birth
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47
Q

Clostridium perfringens type A or type C is more deadly to pigs

A
  • diarrhea- yellow watery, bloody
  • 1-7 days
  • slow spread with intro of new pigs
  • dark red small intestines with hemorrhage
  • type A: high morbidity and low mortality
  • **type C: **high morbidity and 100% death- often healthiest piglet affected
  • treatment: ineffective, antitoxins and antibiotics can be given, best is to vaccinate sows prior to birth
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48
Q

Clostridium difficle effects — old pigs and causes —

A
  • 1-2 day old
  • pasty yellow to watery diarrhea
  • Variable morbidity, lower mortality (20-50%).
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49
Q

what can cause pasty yellow to watery diarrhea in 1-2 day old pigs

A

C. difficile
* Variable morbidity, lower mortality (20-50%).

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50
Q

E coli effects — old pigs and cause —

A
  • 1-14 day and first 2 weeks post weaning
  • white to yellowish watery diarrhea with gas or fetid odor leading to rapid dehydration, tail necrosis
  • Treatment: oral fluids and antibiotics
  • dirty or damp environments, poor management practives and low temps
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51
Q

what can cause White to yellowish watery diarrhea with gas and fetid odor leading to rapid dehydration and tail necrosis in 1-14 day old or first 2 weeks post weaning pigs

A

E coli

  • Treatment: oral fluids and antibiotics
  • dirty or damp environments, poor management practives and low temps
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52
Q

what can cause gray, pasty feces with poorly digested feed in pigs

A

rotavirus
* All Ages - Most Often 1-5 Weeks
* Low mortality, variable morbidity.
* Often gray, pasty feces with poorly digested feed.
* No specific treatment, supportive care is most helpful.

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53
Q

when does rotavirus affect pigs

A

rotavirus
* All Ages - Most Often 1-5 Weeks
* Low mortality, variable morbidity.
* Often gray, pasty feces with poorly digested feed.
* No specific treatment, supportive care is most helpful.

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54
Q

transmissible gastroenteritis effects — old pigs

A

All Ages
● Caused by a coronavirus.
● May be endemic (enzootic) with low mortality/morbidity or epizootic with near 100%
mortality/morbidity in piglets less than 10 days of age.
● Vomiting is often initial sign but not always present.
● Diarrhea with curds of undigested milk.
● No specific treatment. Oral hydration with electrolytes. Intestinal immunity is critical. Vaccine is available but not very effective. Biosecurity is key to prevention.

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55
Q

what can cause diarrhea with curds of undigested milk in pigs

A

Tranmissible Gastroenteritis
All Ages
● Caused by a coronavirus.
● May be endemic (enzootic) with low mortality/morbidity or epizootic with near 100%
mortality/morbidity in piglets less than 10 days of age.
● Vomiting is often initial sign but not always present.
● Diarrhea with curds of undigested milk.
● No specific treatment. Oral hydration with electrolytes. Intestinal immunity is critical. Vaccine is available but not very effective. Biosecurity is key to prevention.

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56
Q

Coccidiosis in pigs affects — old pigs

A

Intestinal Coccidiosis 5-15 Days (Especially 5-7 Days)
* Isospora suis is most common. Also many Eimeria species can infect pigs.
* Fetid, yellow to white diarrhea. Also can see “sheep pellet feces”.
* Can be diagnosed by demonstration of oocysts in feces (see image) or demonstrating parasite in intestinal lesions.
* Treated with sulfamethazine or ponazuril.
* Prevention through fecal removal. Disinfection of farrowing facility is difficult due to hardy spores.

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57
Q

— can cause fetid, yellow to white diarrhea in 5-7 day old pigs

A

Intestinal Coccidiosis 5-15 Days (Especially 5-7 Days)
* Isospora suis is most common. Also many Eimeria species can infect pigs.
* Fetid, yellow to white diarrhea. Also can see “sheep pellet feces”.
* Can be diagnosed by demonstration of oocysts in feces (see image) or demonstrating parasite in intestinal lesions.
* Treated with sulfamethazine or ponazuril.
* Prevention through fecal removal. Disinfection of farrowing facility is difficult due to hardy spores.

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58
Q

how to treat coccidosis in pigs

A

Intestinal Coccidiosis 5-15 Days (Especially 5-7 Days)
* Isospora suis is most common. Also many Eimeria species can infect pigs.
* Fetid, yellow to white diarrhea. Also can see “sheep pellet feces”.
* Can be diagnosed by demonstration of oocysts in feces (see image) or demonstrating parasite in intestinal lesions.
* Treated with sulfamethazine or ponazuril.
* Prevention through fecal removal. Disinfection of farrowing facility is difficult due to hardy spores.

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59
Q

Lawsonia intracellularis (Proliferative Enteritis) affects — old pigs

A

older (>25 kgs)
growing and finishing pigs
* Hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic forms.
* May pass yellow fibrinonecrotic casts.
* Pathologically, see thickening of the intestinal mucosa with a fibrinonecrotic membrane.
* Treated with injectable antibiotics to affected pigs and by feed to the rest of the herd.

growers: 10-26 weeks < 120 kg

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60
Q

what can cause pigs to pass yellow fibronecrotic casts

A

Lawsonia intracellularis (Proliferative Enteritis)

older (>25 kgs)
growing and finishing pigs
* Hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic forms.
* May pass yellow fibrinonecrotic casts.
* Pathologically, see thickening of the intestinal mucosa with a fibrinonecrotic membrane.
* Treated with injectable antibiotics to affected pigs and by feed to the rest of the herd.

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61
Q

swine dysentery is caused by

A

**Brachyspira (Serpulina) hyodysenteriae **(Swine Dysentery)
Older Pigs (>25 kg)
* Anaerobic spirochete infection.
* Mucoid large bowel diarrhea with flecks of blood.
* Pathologically, see mucosa of large intestine covered by gray mucus layer or yellow necrotic debris.
* Treated with antibiotics (often in water) but drug resistance is common.

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62
Q

swine dysentery affects pigs — old

A

**Brachyspira (Serpulina) hyodysenteriae **(Swine Dysentery)
Older Pigs (>25 kg)
* Anaerobic spirochete infection.
* Mucoid large bowel diarrhea with flecks of blood.
* Pathologically, see mucosa of large intestine covered by gray mucus layer or yellow necrotic debris.
* Treated with antibiotics (often in water) but drug resistance is common.

10 weeks and above

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63
Q

a 15 week old pigs with mucoid large bowel diarrghea with flecks of blood probably is infected with

A

**Brachyspira (Serpulina) hyodysenteriae **(Swine Dysentery)
Older Pigs (>25 kg)
* Anaerobic spirochete infection.
* Mucoid large bowel diarrhea with flecks of blood.
* Pathologically, see mucosa of large intestine covered by gray mucus layer or yellow necrotic debris.
* Treated with antibiotics (often in water) but drug resistance is common.

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64
Q

whipsworm cause — in — old pigs

A

Trichuris suis (Whipworms)
Older Pigs (3 Months and Up)
* 2-inch-long worm that lives in cecum and upper large intestine. * Slender head penetrates lining of intestines causing irritation and hemorrhagic diarrhea.
* Diagnosed by observation of classic double-operculated eggs in feces (see image).
* Eggs survive in soil, dirt, or feces covered floors for long periods.
* Most commonly treated with dichlorvos or benzimidazoles.

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65
Q

pigs

A

Trichuris suis (Whipworms)
Older Pigs (3 Months and Up)
* 2-inch-long worm that lives in cecum and upper large intestine. * Slender head penetrates lining of intestines causing irritation and hemorrhagic diarrhea.
* Diagnosed by observation of classic double-operculated eggs in feces (see image).
* Eggs survive in soil, dirt, or feces covered floors for long periods.
* Most commonly treated with dichlorvos or benzimidazoles.

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66
Q

how to treat whipworms in pigs

A

Trichuris suis (Whipworms)
Older Pigs (3 Months and Up)
* 2-inch-long worm that lives in cecum and upper large intestine. * Slender head penetrates lining of intestines causing irritation and hemorrhagic diarrhea.
* Diagnosed by observation of classic double-operculated eggs in feces (see image).
* Eggs survive in soil, dirt, or feces covered floors for long periods.
* Most commonly treated with dichlorvos or benzimidazoles.

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67
Q

a 4 month old pig with hemorrhagic diarrhea probably is infected with

A

Trichuris suis (Whipworms)
Older Pigs (3 Months and Up)
* 2-inch-long worm that lives in cecum and upper large intestine. * Slender head penetrates lining of intestines causing irritation and hemorrhagic diarrhea.
* Diagnosed by observation of classic double-operculated eggs in feces (see image).
* Eggs survive in soil, dirt, or feces covered floors for long periods.
* Most commonly treated with dichlorvos or benzimidazoles.

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68
Q

Ascaris suum infect — old pigs and cause —

A

Ascaris suum (roundworms)
2-3 months and older
* >30-cm-long worm of the small intestine.
* May cause intestinal obstruction and migrate into bile ducts and liver causing subcapsular white spots.
* Can cause pulmonary signs (pneumonia) from lung migration and may cause abdominal breathing known as thumps.
* Ascarid eggs may be identified in feces (see image).
* Many treatment options – fenbendazole, pyrantel, ivermectin, levamisole, dichlorvos, piperazine, hygromyci

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69
Q

— can cause liver white spots and intestinal obstructios in pigs

A

Ascaris suum (roundworms)
2-3 months and older
* >30-cm-long worm of the small intestine.
* May cause intestinal obstruction and migrate into bile ducts and liver causing subcapsular white spots.
* Can cause pulmonary signs (pneumonia) from lung migration and may cause abdominal breathing known as thumps.
* Ascarid eggs may be identified in feces (see image).
* Many treatment options – fenbendazole, pyrantel, ivermectin, levamisole, dichlorvos, piperazine, hygromycin

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70
Q

— can cause rectal strictures in pigs older than 2 months

A

salmonella

Salmonella
Any Age but Usually Older Pigs (2-3 Months and Up)
* In young pigs, more likely to develop generalized septicemia.
* Older pigs develop fever, yellow liquid diarrhea that may have flecks of necrotic debris.
* May cause rectal strictures – should suspect Salmonella in an epidemic of rectal strictures.
* Diagnosed by fecal culture or from culture of mesenteric lymph nodes.
* Treated/prevented with antibiotics either in water to herd (neomycin, nitrofurazones) or
carbadox in feed.

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71
Q

salmonella can cause — in — old pigs

A

Salmonella
Any Age but Usually Older Pigs (2-3 Months and Up)
* In young pigs, more likely to develop generalized septicemia.
* Older pigs develop fever, yellow liquid diarrhea that may have flecks of necrotic debris.
* May cause rectal strictures – should suspect Salmonella in an epidemic of rectal strictures.
* Diagnosed by fecal culture or from culture of mesenteric lymph nodes.
* Treated/prevented with antibiotics either in water to herd (neomycin, nitrofurazones) or
carbadox in feed.

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72
Q
A

parvovirus

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73
Q

parvo in gilts can cause

A

mummies and stillborns

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74
Q
A

Trichuris suis - whip worms weaning to adulthood

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75
Q

whipworms can cause — in — old pigs

A

pasty hemorrhagic diarrhea

older pigs >3 months

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76
Q
A

ingestion of the encysted larvae in muscle

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77
Q

how to prevent spread of Trichinella spiralis in pigs

A

stop cannibalizing, prevent pigs from eating rodents and by cooking the garbage fed to them

  • worm larvae that will encyst in muscle
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78
Q
A

treat for mange

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79
Q

how to treat for mange in pigs

A

sarcoptes scabiei
* skin scraping
* skin lesions, itchy, zoonotic
* avermectins: two doses at 2 week intervals
* quarantine

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80
Q
A

lack of protection from cold weather

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81
Q
A

lawsonia intracellularis infection

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82
Q

what causes garden hose gut in pigs

A

Lawsonia intracellularis (Proliferative Enteritis)
gram negative bacillus anaeorobe

  • soft buttery stool or hemorrhagic diarrhea
  • weight loss and thickened intestines
  • similar to Johne’s in cows
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83
Q
A

classical swine fever

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84
Q

— is similar to bovine viral diarrhea and border disease viruses in pigs

A

classical swine fever, hog cholera

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85
Q
A

coughing and sneezing

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86
Q

clinical signs of hog cholera

A

ever, anorexia, diarrhea, vomiting, shivering, paralysis, conjunctivitis, oral ulcers and petechiation

  • caused by classical swine fever
  • similar to bovine viral diarrhea virus
  • affects stems cells in BM causing neutropenia and thrombocytopenia- become immune-suppressed and get 2ndary bacterial infections
  • can cause repro failure
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87
Q
A

ascaris suum

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88
Q

stephanurus dentastus is a

A

kidney worm in pigs

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89
Q

fasciola hepatica is a

A

liver fluke

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90
Q

metastrongylus spp are

A

lung worms

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91
Q

— is a whipworm found in the cecum and large intestine of pigs

A

Trichuris suis

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92
Q
A

Staphyloccus hyicus

greasy pig power page

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93
Q

Exudative epidermitis is a condition of young pigs caused by a — infection characterized by —

A

Staphylococcus hyicus

reddening of the skin and a greasy exudate

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94
Q

Staphylococcus hyicus is a — that causes —

A

gram + cocci
greasy pig (Exudative epidermitis)
* Depression, anorexia, decreased growth
* Thickened, red-spotted skin
* Macules around eyes, lips, nose, ears progressing to vesicles or pustules
* Exudation of serum/sebum
* Progresses to entire body being covered with crusted exudates (“Greasy pig”)
* Erosions of coronary band and heel
* Younger suckling piglets are more likely suffer from acute, fatal symptoms

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95
Q

clinical signs of greasy pig

A

Staphyloccus hyicus
exudative epidermitis

  • Depression, anorexia, decreased growth
  • Thickened, red-spotted skin
  • Macules around eyes, lips, nose, ears progressing to vesicles or pustules
  • Exudation of serum/sebum
  • Progresses to entire body being covered with crusted exudates (“Greasy pig”)
  • Erosions of coronary band and heel
  • Younger suckling piglets are more likely suffer from acute, fatal symptoms
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96
Q

what age pig is affected by greasy pig

A

Staphylococcus hyicus
Exudative epidermitis
younger 5-60 days

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97
Q

treatment for greasy pig

A

Exudative epidermitis
Staphylococcus hyicus- gram + cocci

  • Penicillins and cephalosporin
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Trimethoprim-sulfonamide, tylosin
  • Daily application of topical antiseptics improves success of treatment
98
Q

how to prevent greasy pig disease

A

Exudative epidermitis
Staphylococcus hyicus- gram + cocci

  • treat exposed pigs with antibiotics for several days
  • clip teeth
  • soft bedding
  • separate infection animals
  • decrease fighting
99
Q

— can treat giardia

A

metro= anaerobic antibiotic

100
Q

— is an antibiotic to treat coccidiosis in pigs

A

sulfamethazine

101
Q
A

colitis

102
Q

clinical signs of strepococcus suis infection in pigs

A

polyarthritis, bronchopneumonia, sepsis, menigitis

  • morbidity and mortality vary greatly and are improved with treatment
  • nursing or recently weaned pigs
103
Q
A

no treatment in required

104
Q

what are pigs are affected by pityriasis rosea

A

3-14 weeks

  • raised circular lesions on the ventral abdomen
  • resolve in a few weeks without treatment
105
Q
A

Influenza virus

106
Q
A

no treatment. cull

  • caused by porcine herpesvirus
  • transmission via inhalation
  • cowdry type A inclusion bodies, necrotizing lesions of respiratory tract and brain

pseudorabies power page

107
Q
A

ponazuril

108
Q
A

isospora suis
* 5-15 days (especially 5-7 days)
* coccidiosis in pigs
* treatment: ponazuril, sulfamethazine, amprolium and decoquinate
* fetid, yellow white diarrhea

109
Q
A

cull

110
Q

atrophic rhinitis is caused by

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pateurellla multocida Type D in pigs

  • become infected from the sow shortly after birth
  • control- select breeding stock that is negative for AR
  • TreatmentL antibiotics and flunisin meglumine will not reverse condition
111
Q
A

straw

112
Q
A

Bordetella bronchispetica or Pasteurella multocida

113
Q
A

zearalenone

114
Q

what is zaeralenone

A

mycotoxin that causes estrogenic effects
* edema of vulva, reddened
* edema of rectum that can lead to rectal prolapse

115
Q
A

diagnose- close-homogenize

116
Q
A

keep going until you see a pattern

117
Q
A

lawsonia intracellularis infection
* older pigs > 25 kgs (10 weeks or older)

118
Q
A

sea lions

119
Q

vesicular exanthema of swine in caused by

A

calicivirus that affects pigs, sea lions and other marine mammals
* called San Miguel Sea Lion Disease in sea lions, VE not in USA yet
* reporatable disease

120
Q
A

E coli

121
Q

what causes swine dysentery

A

brachyspira hyodysenteriae
older pigs > 25 kgs (10 weeks or older)

  • Anaerobic spirochete infection.
  • Mucoid large bowel diarrhea with flecks of blood.
  • Pathologically, see mucosa of large intestine covered by gray mucus layer or yellow necrotic debris.
  • Treated with antibiotics (often in water) but drug resistance is common.
122
Q
A

contact the state vet

123
Q

clinical signs of african swine fever

A
  • reportable to state vet
  • high mortality
  • fever (pig piling), septicemia (cyanosis, hemorrhage on multiple organs) and enlarged spleens with infarcts
  • history of travel to AFrica
  • incubatio of 5-15 days
  • warthogs are asymptomatic reservoirs
124
Q
A

analyze feed for alfatoxin

125
Q

pigs with hepatic necoris and fibrosis and poor growth may have

A

aflatoxin exposure

126
Q
A

round worms- ascaris suum

127
Q
A

Brachyspira pilosicoli
* Brachyspira (Serpulina) hyodysenteriae (Swine Dysentery) * Older Pigs (>25 kg)
* Anaerobic spirochete infection.
* Mucoid large bowel diarrhea with flecks of bloo

128
Q
A

GI

129
Q
A

inject all pigs with enrofloxacin

130
Q

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) causes —

A

sudden death in pigs
* exotoxins can cause death in a few hours
* treatment: ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, tiamulin, tilmicosin

131
Q
A

gastric ulcer

132
Q
A

F4 (K88)

133
Q

which ecoli cause diarrhea in pre weaning pigs

A
  • F4, F5, F6, F41 - pre weaning < 3 weeks
  • F4 (K88), F18 (edema disease)- post weaning pigs
134
Q
A

F18

135
Q
A

vaccinate sows pre-farrowing

136
Q
A

rotavirus

137
Q
A

african swine fever

138
Q
A

pigs

139
Q
A

115
* 3 months, 3 weeks and 3 days

140
Q
A

change genetics for the next mating

141
Q

porcine stress syndrome

A

PSS
* sudden rigor mortis, pale muscle, pulmonary edema
* heavily muscled and fast growing pigs can carry this gene
* death: triggered by excitment, stress or placed under some anesthetics (espically halothane)

142
Q
A

ascaris suum

143
Q
A

swine flu pneumonia

144
Q

pig necropsy of swine influenza virus pneumonia can show

A
  • cranioventral to patchy, diffuse pneumonia with moderate interlobular edema
  • necrotizing brochiolitis with fibrinous exudate in bronchi
  • will usually have 2ndary bacterial infection that can be treated with antibiotics in the water (tetracyclins)
145
Q
A

give oxytocin and recheck in 20 mins

146
Q

normal durating of farrowing — with an average interval of — between pigs

A
  • 1.5-4.5 hour
  • 2.15-20 mins
  • 11-13 piglets are normal
147
Q
A

prevent access to soil containing earth worms

148
Q

intermediate host of metastrongylus

A

earthworms

  • lung worm of pigs
149
Q
A

isospora suis (5-15 days, mostly 5-7 days)
* treat with sulfamethazine or ponazuril

150
Q
A

ivermectin monthly

151
Q

praziquantal is used to treat

A

tapeworms
* not effective against roundworms

152
Q
A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

153
Q
A

E coli

154
Q
A

check for clotted blood

155
Q

how to treat acute iletitis in pigs

A

tylosin
* acute death in well muscled pig
* intestinal contents with by hemorrhagic and clotted

156
Q
A

collect nasal swabs from all aborted sows

157
Q
A

brucellosis

158
Q
A

bovine viral diarrhea

159
Q
A

swine pox

160
Q

— causes diamond shaped skin lesions and necorsis of the ears and tails

A

erysipelas

161
Q

staphylococcus hyicus causes

A

greasy pig dusease
exudative epidermitis
dark, greasy, brown lesions in the axilla, groin, head and face

162
Q

swin pox affects — old pigs and causes —

A

all ages, but more common in young and growing pigs
* round palpules, pustules, vesicles and scabs on ventral abdomoen
* spread by lice and insects
* does NOT require treatment unless 2ndary bacterial infection

163
Q
A

vitamin A

164
Q

low Vit A can cause — in pigs and — in turtles

A
  • head tilt, incoordination, reduced weight gain, weak rear limbs
  • middle ear infections in turtle
165
Q
A

it is often associated with anemia, fever, icterus and repro failure

166
Q

Eperythrozoonosis in pigs is caused by

A

Mycoplasma suis (previously called Eperythrozoon suis)
* caused by biting insects
* clinical signs: anorexia, weakness, anemia, icterus, repro failure
* younger pigs more affects
* treat with tetracycline

167
Q
A

pseudorabies

168
Q
A

intussusceptions can occur in pigs infected with strongyles

169
Q
A

high morbidity and low to moderate mortality

170
Q
A

erysipelas rhusiopathiae

171
Q
A

Clostridium perfringen type C

172
Q
A

parmyxovirus

173
Q
A

bone fractures due to nutritional imbalances
* high phosphorus and lack of calcium leads to bone resoption and spontaneous fractures

174
Q
A

mycoplasma suis

175
Q
A

mucoid diarrhea

176
Q
A

zearalenone

177
Q
A

pigs

178
Q
A

infected boars may be infertile due to poor semen quality

179
Q

PRRS causes — in neonate pigs

A
  • neonates: diarrhea, recurrent fevers
  • weaned: anorexic, cough, dyspnea, thumps, purple ear tips and tails from vasculits
  • gestating sows: repro failure: abortion, mummies, early embryonic death
  • boars: infertility due to poor sperm quality
180
Q

PRRS can cause — in weaned pigs

A
  • neonates: diarrhea, recurrent fevers
  • weaned: anorexic, cough, dyspnea, thumps, purple ear tips and tails from vasculits
  • gestating sows: repro failure: abortion, mummies, early embryonic death
  • boars: infertility due to poor sperm quality
181
Q

PRRS can cause — in gestating pids

A
  • neonates: diarrhea, recurrent fevers
  • weaned: anorexic, cough, dyspnea, thumps, purple ear tips and tails from vasculits
  • gestating sows: repro failure: abortion, mummies, early embryonic death
  • boars: infertility due to poor sperm quality
182
Q
A

Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE)
* caused by coronavirus
* +/- vomiting, diarrhea with curds of undigested milk
* biosecurity is key to prevention
* May be endemic (enzootic) with low mortality/morbidity or epizootic with near 100%
mortality/morbidity in piglets less than 10 days of age.

183
Q
A

repro failure

184
Q

lepto in pigs causes

A
  • acute: fever, anorexia, hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, jaundice and failure to grow
  • Chronic: repro failure: late term abortions, mummies or weak piglets that die in a few days
  • dams usually recover, and next litter is fine
185
Q
A

other pen mates

186
Q
A

Enterotoxogenic E coli
(edema disease F18)
* 1-14 Days Old and Again in First 2 Weeks Post Weaning

187
Q
A

only test the 7 aborted sows for PRRS virus via serum PCR

188
Q
A

typhimurium
Type D: dublin and enteritidis

189
Q
A

emotions

190
Q
A

pleuropneumonia

191
Q

pleuropneumonia in pigs is caused by

A

actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae- gram negative coccobacillus

192
Q

clinical signs of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

A
  • sudden onset of respiratory distress with open mouthed breathing
  • frothy pink oral and nasal discharge
  • lethargic, anorexic, fever
  • pigs under 6 months are more affected, but some adults can show signs
  • fibrinonecrotic and hemorrhagic lung lesions
193
Q

clinical signs of atrophic rhinitis

A
  • pigs 3-8 weeks of age
  • sneezing, coughing, lacrimation
194
Q

how is swine flu different from pleuropneumonia

A
  • flu: affects pigs of all ages
  • pleuropneumonia: younger pigs more affected but adults can be affected, blood tinged oral and nasal froth- open mouth breathing
195
Q
A

high morbidity and low to mod mortality

196
Q

what can cause GI ulcers in pigs

A

housing stress
finely ground feed
events that cause pigs to go off feed (respiratory outbreaks, food delivery problems ect)

197
Q
A

commingling pigs of different ages

198
Q
A

iron dextran injection

199
Q
A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

200
Q

corona virus caused — in pigs

A

porcine epidemic diarrhea
transmissible gastroenteritis

201
Q
A

pigs

202
Q
A

paramyxovirus or rubulavirus

203
Q
A

swine flu

204
Q
A

mycobacterium avium

205
Q
A

sarcoptes scabei- itchy - weight loss

206
Q
A

uncomplicated- short course and low death. Antibiotics can be given if concurrent bacterial infections

207
Q
A

ingestion by humans can cause cysticercosis

208
Q

what is taeniasis in humans

A
  • humans eating infected pork with taenia solium tapeworm
  • humans eating infected pork that is not cooked eating cysticerci. The cysticerci evaginte and attach to the small intestine. Adult tapeworms then devlop (taeniasis). This is the only way these tapeworms can complete their cycle. The tapeworms shed eggs which can be consumed by humans, but those eggs cannot complete their life cycle and turn in to tapeworms until they are consumed in cyst form. In humans, cysticerosis develops only when tapeworm eggs are ingested.
209
Q
A

collect gestation and lactation feed samples for mycotoxin testing

210
Q

lepto causes — abortions

A

late term

211
Q

parvovirus causes — abortions in pigs

A

mummies

212
Q
A

inject all remaining pigs with ceftiofur

213
Q

what two things can cause polyserositis in 4 week old pigs

A

polyserositis: inflammation of multiple serous membranes in the body, such as the pleura and pericardium, leading to effusions.

  • Strep suis or Glaesserella parasuis
214
Q

Glasserella parasuis can cause — in — old pigs

A
  • polyserositis: inflammation of multiple serous membranes in the body, such as the pleura and pericardium, leading to effusions.
  • sudden death, polyarthritis, septicemia, high fever, CNS signs
  • other pigs may appear normal
  • 4-8 week old
  • to stop outbreak Ceftiofur injections

Glasserella parasuis: gram negative bacteria- commensal of the upper resp tract

215
Q
A

high and high

216
Q

gram stain of Clostridium perfringens

A

gram + rod

217
Q
A

microsporum nanum

218
Q
A

salmonella

219
Q
A

Clostridium

220
Q
A

actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

221
Q

what is actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

A

gram neg bacteria- coccobacillary

  • can cause sudden death, blood tinged fluid in nose
  • exotoxin made by the bacteria causes vasculitis and hemolysis, especially in the lungs
222
Q
A

vaccinate sows pre-farrowing

223
Q
A

HPA axis

224
Q
A

penicillin

erysipelas: gram + bacteria

225
Q
A

salt poisoning

226
Q
A

birds

227
Q
A

state vet: Africam swine fever

228
Q
A

transcolostrally

229
Q

earthworms are the intermediate hosts for which worms in pigs

A
  • kideny worm- Stephanurus dentatus
  • lungworm= Metastrongylus spp
230
Q

bracyspira pilosicoli causes — in pigs

A

spirochaetal colitis

231
Q
A

colitis

232
Q
A

necrotic rhinitis

gram negative anaerobe that causes heptic abscess in cows, GI enteritis in ruminants, foot rot in pigs and rumianants and metritis in cows

233
Q
A

treat all pigs with oral antibiotics for 5 days

234
Q
A

coughing and sneezing

235
Q
A

tetracyclines

236
Q
A

Flu

237
Q
A

alveolar macrophages

238
Q
A
239
Q

which mycoplasma can cause arthritis in pigs

A

M. hyorhinis: younger pigs
H hyosynoviae: older pigs

use PCR to find

240
Q
A

aflatoxin

241
Q
A

vitamin A

242
Q
A

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