Pigmentation Disorders Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards

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1
Q

Photosensitivty definition

A

Abnormal response to light (usually sun) occuring within a period of time following exposure and lasting up to weeks or months

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2
Q

Some benefits and risks of UV radition (3 and 3)

A

+ production of vit D + dispersal of melanin + beneficial for some dermatoses -sunburn -carcinogenesis -skin aging

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3
Q

Sunburn

A

Acute, delayed, and transient inflammatory response to UV radiation characterized by erythema in sun exposed areas, and in severe cases resulting in chills and dehydration

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4
Q

Fitzpatrick classification of sun reactive skin types

A

An old system of 6 diff “skin types” ranging from very fair skinned to black

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5
Q

Drug induced phototoxicity

A

A side effect of many medications that causes sun exposed areas to have immediate erythema and urticaria upon exposure and exaggerated sunburns that itches or stings, prevented by avoidance

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6
Q

Plant induced phototoxicity

A

Caused by contact with light sensitizing botanical substances in certain occupations that causes erythema and pruritis

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7
Q

Drug induced photoallergy

A

Less common rxn where chemical agent in drug interacts with protein in skin to form antigen that reacts upon photoexpsoure, is typically less demarcated than phototoxic!!!!

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8
Q

Steven Johnson syndrome

A

A rare serious immune complex mediated hypersensitivity condition of skin and mucus membranes that begins with flu like symptoms and progresses to a severe rash as a reaction to medication such as bactrim

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9
Q

Polymorphous light eruption

A

Delayed type IV hypersensitivity rxn to uv radiation that results in pruritis and tingling

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10
Q

Dermatoheliosis

A

Response of epidermis to prolonged sun exposure resulting in keratosis, dryness, lentigo

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11
Q

Lentigo

A

Pigmented indented macule (diff from freckle) often a result of localized proliferation of melanocytes in the epidermis, need to be monitored for changes that could indicate malignancy

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12
Q

Actinic keratosis

A

An occupational related pattern of discrete dry scaley lesions on areas exposed to sun, flesh colored

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13
Q

Most common lesion with malignant potential to arise on the skin

A

Actinic keratosis

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14
Q

Melasma

A

Area of dark pigmentation mostly seen on a woman’s face, influencing factors are typically hormonal female changes

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15
Q

Melasma and post inflammatory hyperpigmentation treatment options (2)

A

-daily sunscreen -hydroquinone (skin whitening benzene that bleaches skin)

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16
Q

Post inflammatory hyperpigmentation

A

Condition seen with higher incidence in dark skinned individuals due to excess deposits in the epidermis, often preceded by acne

17
Q

Drug induced hyperpigmentation

A

Tendency for some drugs such as minocycline to cause generalized or localized hyperpigmentation that may persist for years even after removal of medicaiton

18
Q

Erythema dyschromicum perstans

A

Ashy dermatosis, unknown etiology and no real treatment

19
Q

Solar lentigines definition

A

Liver spots

20
Q

Vitiligo

A

Complete absence of melanocytes, thus developing white patches on skin from immune mediated pathogenesis against melanocytes

21
Q

Vitiligo may be associated with increased risk for ___ disease

A

thyroid

22
Q

Vitiligo universalis

A

Michael Jackson, complete black to white

23
Q

Vitiligo treatment (4)

A

-sunscreen -tacrolimus (inhibits inflammatory cytokines) -UVA therapy -Grafts

24
Q

Tinea versicolor can be differentiated from other light skin rashes by a…

A

…KOH mount

25
Q

Albinism

A

Uncommon complex eye and skin disease without pigmentation, managed with sunscreen and protective clothing, at increased risk for basal and squamous cell carcinoma

26
Q

Piebaldism

A

Rare autosomal dominant congenital disorder of melanocyte developemnt that results in patches of white skin and hair

27
Q

Hypopigmented patches on central face with greasy scale can be identified as usually being…

A

…seborrheic dermatitis

28
Q

Pityriasis alba

A

A skin condition often occuring in children age 6-12 resulting in patches of hypopigmentation, not contageous and often self limiting, strongly resembles vitilgo early on

29
Q

What condition is this?

A

Steven Johnson syndrome

30
Q

What condition is this?

A

Actinic keratosis

31
Q

What condition is this?

A

Melasma

32
Q
A