Pictures for mid term exam Flashcards
Archaic Period
600-500 B.C
Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon 1906
Architecture of color
Cubism – prismatic reordering of reality
Rethink art – return to the African primitive
Anti-Academic
Must find a way to top
Matisse in 1906
The Stone Breakers, 1949 by Gustave Courbet
Social realism, “show me an angel” and I’ll paint one.
Courbet’s painting were often considered too extreme as was his disdainful view of official society with its religious leaders, blindly obedient teachers.
1855- Salle des Refuses
Nave of Amiens Cathedral
Nave had considerable amount of stained glass which created more humane environment than Romanesque style.
Shows typical Gothic characteristics of ribbed ceiling vaults, cluster piers, pointed arches, and losts of light let in through the many windos
Romantic Period
1750-1900- A movement which promote the exotic and the long ago along with genuine feelings and emotions. During this time there was a reverence for the middle ages and classical quarry.
Feininger, The Privateers 1920
. Lyonel Feininger- Cubism in Germany ca. 1912
- End of the Seance (Lecture) 1910
- Angles with Bluebird 1912
- Cycle Race 1912
- The Privateers 1920
Walpole, Horace
1717-1797- he was the rich sone of British Prime Minister, and was a social dandy with something of a social consciousness as well. He became a Whig Party member of Parliment and was known for designing a Romantic escapist country estate at strawberry Hill near London and for writing the First so-called Gothic novel the Caste of Otranto.
Conversion of St Paul painted by Caravaggio (1600)
Baroque style art that emphasized Tenebrism, which means dark, gloomy and mysterious.
Dramatic use of light and darkness to form a powerful chiaroscuro effect known as tenebrism
George Melies
1861-1938- Pioneering magician and filmmaker who was the first to introduce many of the techniques still used in filmmaking, including special effects, stop motion, animatronic figures, and at design, often adapting techniques that he used in is theater in Paris. His classic films were the first to put science fiction and fantasy on screen.
Thomas Edison-Edison poses as the inventor
Claimed to have invented the incandescent light and many other inventions. He was notorious for using gangster-type tactics to block other form infringing on his inventions and territories, particularly with regard to the movies. He had developed with his assistant William Dickson a kinetoscope which used a crank to send film through a viewing machine.
Jean Eugene Robert-Houdin (1805-1871)- Worl-renowned magician and owner of the largest theater in Paris. Robert-Houdin was also an inventor who made automation of an eerie type. much admired by young George Melies.
Baroque Period
1600-1715, associated with catholic church and its resurgence and renewed energy verses fast-rising competing movements such as Protestantism. Caravaggio was its principal and most influential artist, his tense experiment with single and dramatic lights sourcing and dramatic subject manner produced many followers knowns as carvaggisti.
Gothic Style
12th -14th centuries.
Transformation in spiritual values from romanesque period.
Cathedrals became more filled with light, had pointed arches and ribbed vaults and stained glass, along with cluster of piers, and flying buttresses.
St. Sernin, Youluse, France 1070-1120
Basilica of St. Sernin is constructed in the Romanesque style.
Characteristics of Romanesque style (11-12th Century) include, massive walls, round arches, cross shape, apse at end, absence of light, window, frightening, transept, Narthex Nave. Church itself is large and cross shaped
Symbolizes the god fearing appoarch to religion.
Ophelia by John Millais
Ophelia is a famous character from shakespeare’s play hamlet.
Joseph Nicephore
Niepce 1765-1833
Experiments with back of camera obscura
Silver Chloride on back of obscura,
Changes color when struck by light
Creates an image
Heliography- takes 8 hours
Asphalt makes lights & darks reverse
Asphalt/petroleum helps to fix image
Meets LOUIS DAGUERRE 1827
Gallery owner
Uneducated hustler
Claims he’s doing experiments too!
Treats silvered plate with mercury vapors
Achieves black and white image
Classical Period
500-300 B.C.
George Melies
Horror Vacui
The fear of leaving an area in a work of art not filled in the some kind of decoration
Courbet Gustave
1819-1877- heroism of the common man: the laborer who, unappreciated, kept the entire country solidly on its feet. He tended to use the brown colors of the Baroque movement as exemplified by Caravaggio and Rembrandt
Boffrand, Germain
1667-1754, Decorator of the Hotel de Soubise, in Paris. Perfect example of Rococo style. Luis X king of France was a major patron of the Rococo movement.
Raphael
1483-1520- Known for a clear style that drew heavily on monumental classical prototypes and included triangular composition and concepts known as unione whereby the entire painting is unified in its approach to the modeling of the figures, the color and shading.
Name of the paiting: “Judith Slaying Holfernes (1620) painted by Artemisia Gentileschi (women artist in 1620 who followed style of Caravaggio – Caravaggisti)
Holofernes is Assyrian general of 6th century BCE
Camera Lucida
A device which took the camera obscura and added a prism attaching the new device to a drawing table. In this way, an object or individual posing for a drawing or painting reflects onto tow specially made glass prisms inside the instrument.
Rembrandt’s Return of the Prodigal Son 1665- Dutch Baroque
Rembrandt 1606-1669
Dutch Baroque
Psychology of Light
Influence on Theatre
Influence on Cinema
Chiaroscuro models
emotion, character,
textures, contrasts
The swing (1767) by Jean-Honore Fragonad
This painting shows some of the typical characteristics of he Rococo epoch: the deisre to monumentailze te trivial, the emphasis on refinement and manners, the craving for excessive elegance, and an emphasis on ribald love and a generla feeling of opulence and fun.
Rococo 1715-1800: painting and interior desing was light and delciate with feathery textures, pale coloring especially for women’s clothing, and an extremely clutured look but withot the massiveness and heavy drama of barque. Aboundance of cupid figures, and preference for scense of love featuring lovely ladies.
George Melies (1861-1938)- Pioneering magician and filmmaker who was the first to introduce many of the techniques still used in filmmaking, including special effects, stop motion, animatronic figures, and set design, often adapting techniques that he used in his theater in Paris. His classic films were the first to put science fiction and fantasy on the screen.
Trip to the Moon 1902 (pioneering science fiction fantasy film based on novels by Jules Verne)
Shelly Mary
1797-1851- Companion of the poet Percy Shelley, she created the novel Frankenstein in 1818 which was made into a series of successful films beginning in 1931 at Universal Pictures.
Together with his sons Auguste and Luis, Antoine oversaw the transformation of an Edison Kinetoscope into a proper movie camera and projector. By 1895 they were popularly showing short moves in their theater in Paris.
Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris 1163-1250
Gothic style, pointed arch(unlike round arch from Romanesque), flying buttress , stained glass window(Bathe church in God’s mystical lgith, radiant and also instructive to illiterate). More use of light.
Many small individually crafted statues were placed around the outside to serve as column supports and water spouts. Among these are the famous gargoyles, designed for water run-off and chimeras.
Niepce, Josephe
1765-1833, He experimented with the camera Obscura to see if he could fix an image on the back wall and stop it from vanishing by using silver chloride and other chemical mixtures. Niepce was thinking about making a permanent photographic cause the image produced at the black the camera obscura to change color and stayed fixed, although it took eight hours achieveieve and was prone ot fading in sunlihg. Beginning of formal photography, Heliography
The Parthenon on the Acropolis- Major temple on the Athenian acropolis.
Features Colored Metopes and Frieze
plus interior statue of goddess Athena
447-432 BCE
Louis Daguerre (A Real Shit)
Claims he’s the real inventor
of photography
Cheats Niepce
Names Daguerrotype after himself
WILLIAM HENRY FOX-TALBOT
Optician and chemist
Soaks paper in salt & silver nitrate
Shadowgraph= lights,darks reverse
Creates positive film image
Daguerre steals from him too
St. Sernin Interior of Nave (the central part of a church building) Romanesque style
Characteristics: dark interior, absence of light, scary and foreboding, Barrel vault, Nave, side aisles, apse, transept.
Romanesque-Gothic style
Interiors might be dark, gloomy, and frightening within massive walls while the windows and vaults might come to a point as in gothic. Features massiveness and simplicity of Romanesque with some gothic touches.
The Lady of Shalott by John Waterhouse (1888)
Pre-Raphaelite work, shows figures on the edge of doom, about to face destiney, but showing no emotion.
Pre-Raphaelites (1850-1900)- refers to group of english artist, writes, and poets, that desire to embrace the medieval and ancient worlds before the time of the Renaissance partner Raphael.
Romanesque Style
11-12th centuries. Style of art and architecture features churches with thick and massive walls largely devolved of ornaments. symbolized god fearing approach to religion. church is large and crossed shaped. arches of the window are round.
Last Judgement of Christ, (Romanesque)
Weighing of Souls, St. Lazare Tympanum 1120-1135
Damned souls in Last Judgement (on the bottom) Created by Gislebertus
souls are geting weighted, some idnviduals are casted into the wold of hideous demons while on the right of chrsit idnivduals who have larend to honor and fear God are enjohing a blissful eternity
Claude Monet (1840-1926), Rouen Cathedral, 1893
Impressionism
- Matter as color and light, dehumanization of form
- Complimentary colors and choppy brush strokes
Looks at random brush strokes, but when you move far back, it is a big picture. response to photography
Grande Odalisque (1814) by Jean Ingres
The face with its large eyese, hair style, and shape is dervied from the painings of Pomeii being circulated at the time in the picutre books and newspaper. the clear outlione of the figure echoes the approach o megalographic classical sculpture found on the parthenon frieze.
The art with its nudity and overs the shoulder glance had a sexual component for western audience and appealed ot the newly rich males of parisian society.
Loreena McKennitt
1957- Singer of world music who mixes electrically influences from the pre-raphaelites, sufis, pop music, animism, cletic, and roman history and even rock and roll.
Greek Sculptural Advances of the 5th Century BCE
Contrapposto
Weight Shift
Striding stance
Liberation from block
Detailed musculature
More realistic appearance
No more hair braids
Leonardo Da Vinic
1452-1519- An artist who truly embodied the Renaissance Man as painter, sculptor, inventor, and visionary. He worked in the monumental style which allowed for tripartite depth recession of landscape and monumental figures in foreground. Even more than Raphael, he engaged the use of mood-inducing chiaroscuro lighting and form-modeling affect known as sfumato.
Popular piece from Renaissance period (14-16century)
Mo na Lisa by leonardo da vinci (1503)
It is painted by Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci.
Mood-inducing chiaroscuring lighting and form-modeling efffects.
Leornardo da vinci used specificallly heavy dark sourrounds that were put on the skin of figures, an effect which has been termed sfumato for its smokiness of look.
Daguerre, Louis
1787-1851- He got wind of Niepce’s experiments with the creation of photography and immediately realized their business potential, claimed that he too was experimenting in this area. He met with Neipce in 1827, ostensibly to learn his secrets and appropriate them or as he would put it market them.
Caravaggio
1571-1610- Counter-reformation painter whose dramatic collisions of light and dark formed a powerful chiaroscuro effect known as tenebrism, which combined with forced perspective was designed to achieve a strong emotional reaction in the viewer.
The night cafe (1888) by Vincent Van Gogh.
The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. (1919). Seminal german Horror film paving the wy for many american films at universal pictures in 1930s and 1940s. shot in the expressionist cubist style by Robert Wiene. St the standard for silent horror films for decades while intending to be an expose of German ware machines and its propaganda.
Camera Obscura
A dark box or room in which light shining through a hole produces an inverted image at the back. Versions of the Camera obscura existed as early as the early Renaissance and may have been used as an artist’s aid and a way of achieving realistic depth, perspective, and single vanishing point in paintings.
Delacroixx, Eugene
1798-1863- Rival of the academic artist Ingres, although both artist embrace romantic subject matter. Ingres was famous for his marble-like texture and clear outline of his figures, whereas Delacroix, despite the subject matter, began to build up an architecture not of solid line of color.
Loreena Mckennit, Canadain singer, and harpist.
Highley successful international career using many influences from the pre-raphaelite movement.
THE MUMMER’S DANCE 1997
Birth of Venus (1879) by William Bouguereau.
The figure of Aphrodite looks like a highly polished greek marble of parthenon-like quality. created to appeal the rich people. romantic period.
The Opera, by Charles Garnier Constructed (1861-1874)
Neo-Baroque is one way to describe the building.
This was the place for newly riches individuals of the society.
It is a gigantic architecture of the horror vacui type (fear of empty spaces in artwork). All spaces of the architecture are filled with leitmotif (repeated element of lyre).
Fox-Talbot, William Henery
1800-1877- he developed a system of soaking photographic paper in salt and silver nitrate in order to reverse the lights and darks and create a positive film image instead of a negative one and this idea Louse Dagauree appropriated without payeemnt or citation. Fox-Talbot referred to this as his shadow graph.
Rococo
1715-1800- Painting and interior design was light and delicate with feathery textures, pale coloring for women clothing. Extremely cultured look without the drama of Baroque. Abundance, of cupid figures and preference for scenes of love featuring lovely ladies.
Lady of Shalott
1833- and after poem of romantic mysticism by Alfred Tennyson, it told a beautiful woman who lived near Camelot, the home of King Arthur and the Knights and the Round Table, who had a curse placed upon her and could never gaze down at the knights and their abode without becoming entranced and driven at her doom.
C. Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890)- Pre-Expressionist, or Post-ImpressionistStarry Night 1889
The flip side of the industrial revolution, was an Admirer of Courbet. was moody and sickly all the time.
The Night Cafe 1888 -The background is alive and is fertilized by the artist’s emotions
Intense emotional expression
Flip side of Melies, Ingres,
Bouguereau & Industrial Revolution
– man as victim
Magic Lantern
This functions as a primitive slide projector, using a container full of burning lime to generate light and placing silhouettes or cut outs or painted slides or photographs in front of a light sources, thereby projecting them onto a screen. Magic lanterns shows were the forerunner of movie shows since and practitioners of them were able change their slides or images faster and faster and developed slides with moveable parts on them.
Leitmotiv
An element which repeats itself such as a theme in a classical composition or an art design that recurs in a work.
Metropolis (released 1927)- Classic German-American coproduced film set in the future and dealing with the problems of rich versus poor and the difficulty of maintaining urban life. It was directed by Fritz Lang and writing by his then-wife Thea Von Horbou.
Madonna of the Meadow (1506), typical Raphael style, high renaissance
It is a painting of the Madonna with the Christ Child and St. John the Baptist
Blue – church
Red – Christ’s death
Raphael paintings have slght darkening at the edges what we call modeling with light and dark values ( Chiaroscuro)
Gothic Novels
Term given to series of Romantic stories often with supernatural plots developed first by Horace Walpole with the Castel of Otranto and continuing the works such as Frankenstein and Dracula. 18th and 19th Century.
The Acropolis of Athens
contains the Parthenon
It is the most important surviving building of Classical Greece, and it is known for Doric order. It’s decorative sculptures are considered some of the high points of Greek art. The Parthenon is regarded as an enduring symbol of Ancient Greece, Athenian democracy and western civilization
Acropolis are religous temples built on rock hill with flatten top (high city)
Jean Ingres
1780-1860- He personified and neoclassical and eclectic official styles of Academy of fine arts of Paris. Ingess repeatedly used the Classical Quarry for his work featuring clear line and marble-like look for human skin.
Major Rival was colorist Eugene Delacorix
Strawberry Hill, (begun in 1749 by Horace Walpole). Exterior in the romanesque-Gothic style.
Romanesque-gothic style: A mix of Gothic and Romanesque style. Interiors might be dark, gloomy, and frightening within massive walls while the windows and vaults might come to a point as in gothic. This syle might als be termiend striped-down gothic, featuring the massiveness and smipliciyt of Romanesque with some gothic touches.
The Scream by Edvard Munch (1893)- psychic anguish, existential loneliness, morbid, disorienting diagonal.
Edvard Munch (1863-1944)Post-Impressionist, Pre-Expressionist
- Influence of Van Gogh- primitive forces within all of us
- Influence of Sigmund Freud- death wish, role of women, repression
- Distortion, exaggeration, anguish- abandon natural imagery for greater impact
- Neuroses, fear of women, social anxiety
