Pictures for Digestive System and Metabolism. Flashcards
Mesentery
double sheets of membrane from which organs are suspended; provides route for vessels, nerves, and lymphatics
Oral Cavity
mouth
Sublingual gland
- lie under mucous membrane in floor of mouth
- acts as a buffer and lubricant
ii. drained by numerous sublingual (Rivinus’) ducts, along lingual frenulum
Pharynx
the membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus
Stomach
the internal organ in which the major part of the digestion of food occurs, a pear-shaped enlargement of the alimentary canal linking the esophagus to the small intestine.
Pancreas
a large gland behind the stomach that secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum. Embedded in the pancreas are the islets of Langerhans, which secrete into the blood the hormones insulin and glucagon.
Transverse Colon
the middle part of the large intestine, passing across the abdomen from right to left below the stomach.
Descending Colon
The descending colon is the part of the large intestine from the splenic flexure to the beginning of the sigmoid colon. The function of the descending colon in the digestive system is to store the remains of digested food that will be emptied into the rectum.
Sigmoid Colon
The sigmoid colon (pelvic colon) is the part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus.
Rectum
the final section of the large intestine, terminating at the anus.
Anal Canal
the terminal part of the large intestine. It is situated between the rectum and anus, below the level of the pelvic diaphragm.
Anus
the opening at the end of the alimentary canal through which solid waste matter leaves the body.
Appendix
a tube-shaped sac attached to and opening into the lower end of the large intestine
Cecum
a pouch connected to the junction of the small and large intestines.
Ileum
distal 3.5 m; supported by mesentery proper; ends at iliocecal valve (a sphincter)
Ascending Colon
the first main part of the large intestine, which passes upward from the cecum on the right side of the abdomen.
Jejunum
central 2.5 m; supp. by mesentery proper; site of most digestion/absorption
Gallbladder
the small sac-shaped organ beneath the liver, in which bile is stored after secretion by the liver and before release into the intestine.
Duodenum
proximal 25 cm; retroperitoneal; receives output of stomach/pancreas/liver
Liver
a large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates, involved in many metabolic processes.
Esophagus
the part of the alimentary canal that connects the throat to the stomach; the gullet. In humans and other vertebrates it is a muscular tube lined with mucous membrane.
Fundus
pouch extending superiorly to contact diaphragm; contains gastric glands
Greater Curvature
on lateral surface
Cardia of stomach
superior, medial portion near jct. with esophagus; abundant mucous glands
