Pics or didn't happen Flashcards
Micribiology pictuers
S. mansoni egg
Plasmodium falciparum
Rings may possess one or two chromatin dots. They may be found on the periphery of the RBC (accolé, appliqué) and multiply-infected RBCs are not uncommon. Ring forms may become compact or pleomorphic depending on the quality of the blood or if there is a delay in making smears. There is usually no enlargement of infected RBCs.
Plasmodium falciparum
Rings may possess one or two chromatin dots. They may be found on the periphery of the RBC (accolé, appliqué) and multiply-infected RBCs are not uncommon. Ring forms may become compact or pleomorphic depending on the quality of the blood or if there is a delay in making smears. There is usually no enlargement of infected RBCs.
Gametocyte of plasmodium falciparum
Schizont p.falciparum
(rare to see in blood except in severe cases)
P. ovale
Developing trophozoites of P. ovale are compact with little vacuolation. Infected RBCs are often slightly enlarged and may exhibit fimbriation and Schüffner’s dots. Pigment is less-coarse and diffuse
P. vivax
Figure B: Trophozoite of P. vivax in a thin blood smear. Note the amoeboid appearance, Schüffner’s dots and enlarged infected RBCs.
P. ovale
Figure C: Trophozoite of P. ovale in a thin blood smear. Note the fimbriation and Schüffner’s dots.
Figure A: Trophozoite of P. vivax in a thick blood smear.
Developing trophozoites of P. vivax become increasingly amoeboid, with tenuous pseudopodial processes and large vacuoles. Schüffner’s dots are visible with proper staining. Pigment tends to be fine and brown. Infected RBCs are usually noticeably larger than uninfected RBCs.
Amastagotes of leishmania
Amastigotes of Leishmania are spherical to ovoid and measure 1-5 µm long by 1-2 µm wide. They possess a large nucleus, a prominent kinetoplast, and a short axoneme, the last of which is rarely visible by light microscopy. The organisms reside in macrophages of the host and can be found throughout the body.
Amastigotes of Leishmania spp. are morphologically indistinguishable from those of Trypanosoma cruzi
Just some normal macrophages for reference
Normal blood smear for reference
Figure A: Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites, stained with Giemsa, from a smear of peritoneal fluid obtained from a laboratory-inoculated mouse.
Figure A: Toxoplasma gondii cyst in brain tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin
Entamoeba Histolytica
Figure A: Cyst of E. histolytica/E. dispar in an unstained concentrated wet mount of stool. Notice the chromatoid bodies with blunt, rounded ends (arrow)
Entamoeba Histolytica
Figure A: Cyst of E. histolytica/E. dispar in an unstained concentrated wet mount of stool. Notice the chromatoid bodies with blunt, rounded ends (arrow)
Promastigotes Leish
Infective stage
Ascaris egg
unfertilised
Ascaris lumbricoides egg
Fertilised
Taenia Egg
See a tyre think Taenia
(cannot differentiate between solium and saginata)
Hookworm Egg
Thin shell - hatches early, does not need to be durable. Hatches to rhabiditiform –> filariform larvae (Infectious stage)
Segementum ovum
Eg
Necator Americanus
Ancylostoma Duodenialis
Trichuris Trhicura
tea tray
big
Fasciola Hepatica
Treatment of triclabendazole 7/7 BD
Diphyllobothrium Latium
Fish tape worm
Which diseases is this a vector for?
Aedes
Dengue
Yellow fever
Zika
Chickungunya
Which diseases is this a vector for?
Culex
JEV
WNV
Which diseases is this a vector for?
Anopheles
Malaria
Schistosoma Japonicum
Schistosoma Haematobium
Metacyclic trypamastigote (infectious stage)
T.Cruzi
T cruzi and brucei - pretty similar looking. Larger kinetoplast in cruzi
Cryptococcus neoformans
India ink stain
P. malariae trophozoite
band form
P. malariae schizont
Rosette
Wuchereria bancfroti microfilaria
Sheath pink
Empty tail
Nuceli relatively distinct
Gabon/Cameroon
Loa Loa MF
Ghost sheath
Nuclei towards tail flattened
Indonesia
Brugia Timori
Empty head (Tim has an empty head)
More nuclei in tail
Onchocerciasis
Slab head (swollen empty head)
Empty tail
Onchocerciasis skin snip
Name each MF
Name the vector
Sandfly Lutzomyia
Leishmaniasis
Name the vector
Black fly
Simulium spp
Onchocerciasis
Name the vector
Red fly
Chrysops sp
loa loa
Name the vector
Scabies mite
Sarcoptes scabei
Name the vector
Triatome bug (kissing bug)
Name the vector
The humble rat flea
Xenopsylla cheopis
Genus
Disease caused
Ambylomma
AFTS
Rickettsia Africa
Genus
Disease caused
Hyalomma hard tic
CCHF
Name
Disease caused
Schistosome Japnonicum
Schistosomiasis
Animal reservoir - cats/dogs/pigs in philipines
Taenia Solium
Taenia Saginta
Diphyloobothrium latum
Hymenolopis Nana
Hymeolopis diminuta
Diphylidium cani
Trichuris Trichura
Hymenolepis nana egg
Onchocerca Volvulus
Paragonimus spp
4 complications
Entermoeba histolytica
- Amoebic abcess - most commonly in the liver
- Ameoboma - chronic inflammatory mass, single or multiple, most commonly developing in the ileocaecal region,
presenting as and acute/subactue obstruction or causing an intussusception. - Haemorrhage - resulting in anaemia or shock
- Post dysenteric ulcerative colitis - mimicking classical ulcerative colitis. usually resolves slowly without specific
treatment
Risk in pregnancy
Schizont of p.falciparum
maternal anaemia,
increased risk of severe malaria,
retardation of foetal growth,
stillbirth
Hookworm rhabiditiform larvae(L1)
Looks very similar to strongyloides
Tsetse fly
(glossina species)
Vector for African trypanosomiasis
Toxocaris canii egg
Clonorchis Siniensis
The eggs are oval shaped with a convex operculum that rests on visible “shoulders” at the smaller end of the egg
Praziquantel
Pullex irritans
Xenopsylla Cheops
Ctenocephalides canis or C. felis (this one is felis)
Giardia duodenalis trophozoites
Giardia duodenalis cyst
Proctoscolex Echinoccous Granulosus
Hydatid disease
PAIR procedure
Rhabiditiform Larvae Strongyloides Stercoralis
No long buccal tube like Hookworm
Hookworm
L1 larvae (rhabiditiform larvae)
250-300um long
eg Ancylostoma duodenalis or Nectar Americanus
Long buccal tube parallel lines - different to strongy
Hookworm
L3 Larvae (filariform larvae)
500-700um long
eg Ancylostoma duodenalis or Nectar Americanus
Strongy has notched tail
Strongyloides Stercoralis
500-700um long
L3 larvae
Notched tail
Thick film
Plasmodium falciparum trophozoites
Plasmodium Falciparum Schizont
RBC is normal size
Multiple merozoites
2/3 full RBC
Plasmodium ovale schizont
RBC is enlarged
Merozoites 4-16, average is 8
Cell is 2/3 full
Plasmodium vivax schizont
RBC is enlarged
Lots of merozoites - 12-24
Cell is full
P.Ovale gamete - macrogamete
Generally less enlargement than P.Vivax
P.ovale gamete - microgamete
P.vivax gamete - macrogamete
P.vivax gametocyte
P.malariae gametocyte
Gametocytes of P. malariae are compact and tend to fill the host RBC. There is no enlargement of the infected RBC and sometimes there is a reduction in size. The cytoplasm stains blue and the chromatin pink to red. Abundant dark pigment may be scattered throughout the cytoplasm.
Trichenella Spiralis
Encysted larva
Nurse cell
Paragonimus westermani egg
Clonorchis Siuensis
Trypomastigote - Trypanosome Brucei (Gambiense or rhodiense)
Small kinetoplast = brucei
Big/massive/mega = South America
Cryptosporidium cyst
Sequestration of RBC infected with plasmodium falciparum
Pathophysiology for cerebral malaria
Cyclops - freshwater
Dracularis Mediensis (guinea worm)
