AOB

Question 1

MSF crisis Response

Answer 1

● Rapid initial assessment
● Measles and other vaccines
● Water and sanitation
● Food and nutrition programs
● Shelters and site planning
● Curative activities
● Control of communicable diseases and epidemics
● Surveillance
● Human resources and training
● Coordination

Question 1

Katayama fever

Answer 1

4-6 weeks post Shisto infection

Rash
Fever
Cough
lymphadenopathy
GI upset

Question 2

Snail stages Schisto

Answer 2

Multiple sporocysts in snail (successive generations)

Question 3

Epidemiology for strongy

Answer 3

Tropics/sub tropics
People who work in rural/agriculture

Question 4

Give 4 discrete manifestations of Strongy

Answer 4

1. GI - bloating, pain, nausea
2. Skin - larva currens
3. Resp - loeflers
4. Hyperinfection

Question 5

Epi/incidence malaria

Answer 5

250 million cases/year
650, 000 deaths
95% cases and deaths Africa
>80 percent of these in <5

Question 6

Mosquito stages malaria

Answer 6

Gametes taken up
Micro inserts macro (in stomach)
Ookinete
Oocyst
Ruptured Oocyst - sporozoites

Question 7

Where is Vivax and why?

Answer 7

SEA
Americas

Africa largely spared - Duffy negative

Question 8

Do you get lymphadenopathy in Malara?

Answer 8

Rare

Question 9

Fundoscopy in severe malaria

Answer 9

Looking for haemorrhages - white centred retinal haemorrhages

Question 10

What is the organism which causes Scrub?

Answer 10

Orentia Tsutsugamushi

Question 11

What is the vector for Scrub?

Answer 11

Chigger larvae (Leptoromoidum mite)

Question 12

Incubation period rickettsia infections?

Answer 12

5-14 days

Question 13

Diagnostic testing Scrub?

Answer 13

Pathogen detection - PCR

Antibody detection - Indirect immunofluorescent assay (gold standard)

Question 14

Term used for Acari keeping a pathogen through multiple stages of life

Answer 14

Transtadial passage

Question 15

What group of bacteria is leptospirosis?

Answer 15

Spirochetes

Same as syphillis and borrelia (Lyme disease)

Question 16

Incubation period leptospirosis

Answer 16

10 days

Question 17

Vector African Trypanosomiasis

Answer 17

Tsetse Fly
Glossina sp

Question 18

Infective stage Africa Trypanosomiasis

Answer 18

Metacyclic Trypomastigotes

Question 19

Treatment Early stage African Trypanosomiasis

Answer 19

Suramin (both Gambians/Rhodiense)

Pentamidine (only gambiense)

Question 20

Late stage treatment African Trypanosomiasis

Answer 20

Metarsoprol - rhodiense
NECT/Ethornithine - gambiense

Can use Fexinadozole in the future

Question 21

Treatment Chagas acute phase

Answer 21

Nifurtimox
Benzinadazole

Nifty Ben

Question 22

Vector Leishmaniasis

Answer 22

Sandfly

Phlebotomus - old world
Lutzimiya - new world

Question 23

Infective stage leishmaniasis

Answer 23

Promastigotes

Question 24

Visceral Leish countries 90%

Answer 24

Bangladesh
India
Nepal
Sudan
Brazil (NE) expanding urbanisation

Question 25

Main subtypes Leish associated with visceral leishmaniasis

Answer 25

L.infantum
L. donovani

Question 26

New world

Answer 26

An ageing and unhelpful descriptive term given to the Americas. A leftover term from European exploration and colonialism.

Question 27

Microbiology of rickettsia

Answer 27

Obligate intracellula bacteria
It is small
gram -ve

Question 28

What is the pathophysiology of rickettsia?

Answer 28

Rickettsial infections cause systemic endothelial infection resulting in lymphohystiolytic vasculutis

Question 29

Vector Onchocerciasis

Answer 29

Black fly
(genus Simulium)

Question 30

Causative organism 90% Lymphatic filiarisis

Answer 30

Wuchecheria Bancrofti

Question 31

Vector Lymphatic filariasis

Answer 31

various mosquitos

Question 32

Epidemiology of loa loa

Answer 32

Endemic to sub saharan africa

Think Gabon or Cameroon

Question 33

What are Calabar swellings?

Answer 33

Itchy swellings - migratory worms Loa Loa

Question 34

Most common cause eosinophilic meningitis

Answer 34

Angiostronglyiasis

Rat lung worm
Ingestion molluscs/salad/veg

Question 35

Live vaccines

Answer 35

measles, mumps, rubella,
oral influenza, oral typhoid, oral polio
varicella, shingles,
BCG
yellow fever