Piaget Flashcards
Who is Piaget?
A swiss zoologist who developmed an intrest in intelligence testing and then moved into reaserching cognitive development.
Who did Piaget study on?
He studied his own children to create a stage theory of cognitive development.
How did Piaget say children learn?
Through interaction with their enviroment and is a gradual process.
Schemas according to Piaget?
Some schemas are innate (sucking) and others developed through interaction with the enviroment (a schema for a house).
What is assimilation?
Occurs when an individual incoperates new knowladge into an exising schema so a child can understand new info in terms of ttheir existing knowladge about the world. Eg an existing schema (sucki.ng) is used on a new stimulus (toy car)
What is accomodation?
When assimilation is not possible a child goes into a state of equlibrium which drives them to undrstand new info. This info is then accomodated by adapting existing schema or develop new ones to cope and restore equlibrium.
An example of accomodation?
A child will have an existing schema of a cat (fluffy and with a tail) but if a cat has no tail or hair. A child will have to accomdate for this new info.
What is equilibration?
Can be seen as the balence achieved between existing schemas and new knowladge.The process of equlibrium drives the individual to assimilate or accomodate new info into their schemas.
Assumptions of the stages of intellectual development?
- Stages are determined by innate, maturational changes.
- Age at which stages are reached can vary but sequence is the same.
What are Piagets stages of development?
- Sensorimotor stage
- Preoperational stage
- Concrete operational stage
- Formal operational stage
What is sensorimotor stage?
From birth to 2 years.
Object permanence develops in this stage it is the realisation that objects have a permanent existence even when they are out of size.
When did Piaget say object permance develops?
he belived it developed around 9 months however Bower found infants as young as 3 months were suprised when an object had disapereared from a place.
What is the preoperational stage?
From 2-7 years. infants in this stage are prone to animism (this is attributing human intentions to objects- the sun is shining because its happy). Infants are egocentric this means they only see the world from their viewpoint (tested by the 3 mountains experiment). Infants will also have problems with class inclusion which is the ability to work out how categories of object relate to one another.
What is concervation?
The ability to recognise that reorganising the apperence of materials and objects does not alter properties like volume,quantity and number.
- Reversability
- Comensation
- Identity
Research from Piaget and Szeminka?
Children were shown 18 brown and 2 white wooden beads and asked 3 qs about if al beads were wooden , more brown or white beads and if there were more brown or wodden beads. Pre-operational children answered the first two qs correctly but not the last one. Concreate operations stage answered all qs correctly.
