Physiology: ventilation perfusion & alveolar dead space Flashcards

1
Q

what is meant by ventilation(V)

A

the rate at which gas is passing through the lungs

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2
Q

what is meant by perfusion(Q)

A

the rate at which blood is passing through the lungs

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3
Q

describe what is meant by the V/Q ratio

A

the ratio between ventilation and perfusion changes from top to bottom of the lungs, and can in pathology

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4
Q

what is alveolar dead space

A

ventilated alveoli that are not adequately perfused with blood are considered alveolar dead space
(very small + of little importance normally)

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5
Q

what is the physiological dead space

A

alveolar dead space + anatomical dead space

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6
Q

what can happen to alveolar dead space in disease

A

can increase significantly

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7
Q

what causes an increase in alveolar O2 conc.

A

increased ventilation

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8
Q

what causes the accumulation CO2 in alveoli

A

increased perfusion

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9
Q

what does increased ventilation lead to

A

pulmonary vasodilation which increases blood flow to match larger airflow

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10
Q

what does increased perfusion lead to

A

decreases airway resistance leading to increased airflow

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11
Q

in an area where perfusion(rate blood flow) is greater than ventilation(rate airflow) what will happen to CO2, O2, airflow, blood vessels, blood flow and airways

A
CO2 increases in area
O2 decreases
airflow increases
local airways dilate
blood flow decreases
local blood vessels vasoconstrict
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12
Q

in an area where ventilation is greater than perfusion what will happen to CO2, O2, airflow, blood vessels, blood flow and airways

A
CO2 decreases in area
O2 increases
airflow decreases
local airways constrict
blood flow increases
local blood vessels vasodilate
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